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Question 1 · Multiple choice
About 1,000 years ago, which Europeans reached Labrador and Newfoundland? A Vikings from Iceland B Basque fishermen from Spain C Portuguese sailors D Dutch merchants
Show answer Correct answer: A — Vikings from Iceland
Why? The Vikings from Iceland, who had colonized Greenland, reached Labrador and Newfoundland about 1,000 years ago; their settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows is a World Heritage site. Source
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Question 2 · Multiple choice
Which three oceans border Canada? A The Pacific, the Atlantic and the Indian B The Atlantic, the Arctic and the Southern C The Pacific, the Arctic and the Indian D The Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Pacific, the Atlantic and the Arctic
Why? Canada is bordered by three oceans: the Pacific in the west, the Atlantic in the east and the Arctic to the north. Source
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Question 3 · Multiple choice
What are the three key facts of Canada's system of government? A A unitary state, a presidential republic and a direct democracy B A federal republic, a one-party state and an absolute monarchy C A federal state, a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy D A confederation of independent provinces with no central government at all
Show answer Correct answer: C — A federal state, a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy
Why? Discover Canada names three key facts: Canada is a federal state, a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. Source
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Question 4 · Multiple choice
In which year was the current Canadian flag (the Maple Leaf flag) first raised? A 1867 B 1965 C 1921 D 1982
Show answer Correct answer: B — 1965
Why? A new Canadian flag was raised for the first time in 1965. Its red-white-red pattern comes from the flag of the Royal Military College in Kingston. Source
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Question 5 · Multiple choice
The discovery of oil in which province in 1947 began Canada's modern energy industry? A Alberta B Saskatchewan C Newfoundland and Labrador D Ontario
Show answer Correct answer: A — Alberta
Why? The discovery of oil in Alberta in 1947 began Canada's modern energy industry. Source
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Question 6 · Multiple choice
What are the three founding peoples of Canada? A French, Dutch and Spanish B Aboriginal, French and British C British, American and Irish D Inuit, Métis and Acadian
Show answer Correct answer: B — Aboriginal, French and British
Why? Discover Canada names three founding peoples: Aboriginal, French and British. Source
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Question 7 · Multiple choice
Which document, signed in England in 1215, is the oldest source of the tradition of ordered liberty that Canada inherited? A The Quebec Act B The British North America Act C The Constitutional Act of the Canadas D Magna Carta
Show answer Correct answer: D — Magna Carta
Why? Magna Carta, the Great Charter of Freedoms, was signed in England in 1215. Discover Canada traces Canadian freedoms back to it. Source
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Question 8 · Multiple choice
Where is the remains of the Viking settlement in Canada, now a World Heritage site? A Port-Royal B St. Croix Island C L'Anse aux Meadows D Louisbourg
Show answer Correct answer: C — L'Anse aux Meadows
Why? The remains of the Viking settlement at L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland, are a World Heritage site. Source
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Question 9 · Multiple choice
Who is eligible to vote in a federal election? A All permanent residents aged 18 or older who have lived in their riding for one year B Canadian citizens aged 18 or older on voting day who are on the voters' list C Canadian citizens aged 16 or older D Anyone who has lived in Canada for one year
Show answer Correct answer: B — Canadian citizens aged 18 or older on voting day who are on the voters' list
Why? To vote in a federal election you must be a Canadian citizen, at least 18 years old on voting day, and on the voters' list. Source
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Question 10 · Multiple choice
How does Canada rank in land area among the countries of the world? A Largest B Fifth largest C Second largest D Tenth largest
Show answer Correct answer: C — Second largest
Why? Canada is the second largest country on earth, with about 10 million square kilometres. Source
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Question 11 · Multiple choice
In the Canadian justice system, an accused person is: A Presumed guilty until proven innocent B Judged by the police officer who arrests them C Presumed innocent until proven guilty D Held in prison until the trial ends
Show answer Correct answer: C — Presumed innocent until proven guilty
Why? Presumption of innocence: everyone is presumed innocent until proven guilty in criminal matters. Source
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Question 12 · Multiple choice
Who was the first explorer to map Canada's Atlantic coast, in 1497? A John Cabot B Jacques Cartier C Samuel de Champlain D Martin Frobisher
Show answer Correct answer: A — John Cabot
Why? John Cabot, an Italian immigrant to England, mapped Canada's Atlantic shore in 1497 and claimed Newfoundland for England. Source
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Question 13 · Multiple choice
Which country is Canada's largest trading partner? A The United States B China C The United Kingdom D Mexico
Show answer Correct answer: A — The United States
Why? The United States is Canada's largest international trading partner, and Canada is also the largest trading partner of the United States. Source
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Question 14 · Multiple choice
How many provinces and territories does Canada have? A Ten provinces and three territories B Twelve provinces and two territories C Nine provinces and four territories D Thirteen provinces and no territories
Show answer Correct answer: A — Ten provinces and three territories
Why? Canada has ten provinces and three territories, each with its own capital city. Source
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Question 15 · Multiple choice
Who is Canada's Head of State? A The Prime Minister B The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court C The Speaker of the House of Commons D The Sovereign (the King or Queen)
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Sovereign (the King or Queen)
Why? In Canada's constitutional monarchy the Head of State is a hereditary Sovereign (King or Queen). The Prime Minister is the Head of Government. Source
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Question 16 · Multiple choice
What is Canada's national motto? A A Mari Usque Ad Mare (From sea to sea) B Peace, order and good government, from the 1867 Act C Je me souviens D True north strong and free
Show answer Correct answer: A — A Mari Usque Ad Mare (From sea to sea)
Why? Canada's motto, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, means "from sea to sea" in Latin. "Je me souviens" is Quebec's motto. Source
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Question 17 · Multiple choice
Which military alliance did Canada join with other Western democracies during the Cold War? A The Warsaw Pact B La Francophonie C NATO D The Commonwealth
Show answer Correct answer: C — NATO
Why? During the Cold War Canada joined other Western democracies in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a military alliance. Source
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Question 18 · Multiple choice
Which explorer made three voyages across the Atlantic between 1534 and 1542 and claimed the land for the King of France? A John Cabot B Jacques Cartier C Pierre de Monts D Henry Hudson
Show answer Correct answer: B — Jacques Cartier
Why? Between 1534 and 1542 Jacques Cartier made three voyages across the Atlantic, claiming the land for King Francis I of France. Source
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Question 19 · Multiple choice
What are the three distinct groups of Aboriginal peoples in Canada? A Cree, Huron and Iroquois B Acadians, Loyalists and Métis of the Red River C First Nations, Inuit and Métis D Dene, Sioux and Inuit
Show answer Correct answer: C — First Nations, Inuit and Métis
Why? Aboriginal peoples in Canada are made up of three distinct groups: Indians (First Nations), Inuit and Métis. Source
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Question 20 · Multiple choice
What are the five regions of Canada? A Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairies and Alaska B Maritimes, Great Lakes, Rockies, Yukon and Nunavut C East, West, North, South and the Capital Region D Atlantic, Central Canada, Prairies, West Coast and the North
Show answer Correct answer: D — Atlantic, Central Canada, Prairies, West Coast and the North
Why? Canada's five regions are the Atlantic Provinces, Central Canada, the Prairie Provinces, the West Coast and the Northern Territories. Source
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