Australian citizenship test practice 326 free practice questions for the Australian citizenship test, written by FreeExamPath on the four parts of the official booklet, Our Common Bond, every answer explained. Choose a part, from Australia and its people to Australian values, and check yourself straight away.
About these questions The real test has 20 multiple choice questions: you need 15 correct answers and all 5 questions on Australian values right. Our questions have four options each.
These are FreeExamPath's own questions on the themes of Australian Citizenship: Our Common Bond, the official resource booklet. They are not official test questions, and FreeExamPath is not affiliated with the Department of Home Affairs. Home Affairs: prepare for the test
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Part 1: Australia and its people Multiple choice
Who were the first inhabitants of Australia? A British convicts and free settlers B Dutch and Portuguese sailors C Chinese gold miners who arrived in the 1850s D Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Show answer Correct answer: D — Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples
Why? Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples were Australia's first inhabitants. Europeans arrived much later, from 1788. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about the cultures of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples is correct? A They began only after European settlement started in 1788 B They are the oldest continuous cultures in the world C They all share one single language D They are no longer part of national identity
Show answer Correct answer: B — They are the oldest continuous cultures in the world
Why? Our Common Bond describes Indigenous cultures as the oldest continuous cultures and traditions in the world, and as diverse and an important part of national identity. Source
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Multiple choice
Where are Torres Strait Islander people originally from? A The island state of Tasmania B The deserts of central Australia C Islands between the tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea D The south-west corner of Western Australia, near Perth
Show answer Correct answer: C — Islands between the tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea
Why? Torres Strait Islander people come from the islands between the northern tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea. Source
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Multiple choice
Historically, Aboriginal people are from: A Mainland Australia and Tasmania B Only the Torres Strait Islands C Only the Northern Territory D New Zealand and the Pacific islands
Show answer Correct answer: A — Mainland Australia and Tasmania
Why? Historically, Aboriginal people are from mainland Australia and Tasmania; Torres Strait Islander people are from the Torres Strait islands. Source
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Multiple choice
According to the archaeological record, when did Aboriginal peoples arrive in Australia? A About 2,000 years ago B Between 65,000 and 40,000 years ago C In the 1500s D Shortly before the First Fleet arrived
Show answer Correct answer: B — Between 65,000 and 40,000 years ago
Why? The archaeological record shows Aboriginal peoples arrived between 65,000 and 40,000 years ago. Their own creation stories begin with the beginning of time. Source
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Multiple choice
How do Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples express their deep connection with the land? A Mainly through written law codes B Through national sporting competitions C Through their stories, art and dance D Only through religious buildings
Show answer Correct answer: C — Through their stories, art and dance
Why? Their deep connection with the land is expressed in stories, art and dance, guided by age-old beliefs and traditions. Source
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Multiple choice
How many distinct Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages does Our Common Bond mention? A More than 100 B Exactly 6 C About 12, one for each region of the country D Only 1
Show answer Correct answer: A — More than 100
Why? Our Common Bond says other languages are also valued, including more than 100 distinct Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages. Source
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Multiple choice
When did the First Fleet arrive from Great Britain? A 1 January 1901 B 25 April 1915 C 26 January 1851 D 26 January 1788
Show answer Correct answer: D — 26 January 1788
Why? The First Fleet of 11 convict ships arrived from Great Britain on 26 January 1788, the start of European settlement. Source
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Multiple choice
How many ships made up the First Fleet? A 11 B 3 C 26 D 100
Show answer Correct answer: A — 11
Why? The First Fleet was a group of 11 ships carrying convicts from Great Britain to New South Wales. Source
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Multiple choice
Why did the British Government decide to send convicts to Australia? A Convicts had asked to be sent somewhere with a warmer climate B Gold had already been found in New South Wales C Australia was already an independent nation D British jails could not hold all the people imprisoned for crimes
Show answer Correct answer: D — British jails could not hold all the people imprisoned for crimes
Why? British laws were harsh and the jails could not hold the large number of prisoners, so convicts were transported to the new colony of New South Wales. Source
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Multiple choice
Who was the first Governor of the colony of New South Wales? A Captain James Cook B Sir Henry Parkes C Captain Arthur Phillip D Governor Lachlan Macquarie
Show answer Correct answer: C — Captain Arthur Phillip
Why? Captain Arthur Phillip was the first Governor of New South Wales and led the First Fleet. Source
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Multiple choice
What was the name of the first British colony in Australia? A Victoria B New South Wales C Van Diemen's Land D South Australia
Show answer Correct answer: B — New South Wales
Why? The convicts were sent to the new colony of New South Wales, the first colony established by the British. Source
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Multiple choice
Where did the early free settlers in Australia mostly come from? A China, Japan and other countries in Asia B France and Spain C Italy and Greece D Great Britain and Ireland
Show answer Correct answer: D — Great Britain and Ireland
Why? Early free settlers came from Great Britain and Ireland, a heritage with a major influence on Australia's history, culture and politics. Source
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Multiple choice
Where did the First Fleet land? A Port Phillip Bay B Moreton Bay C Sydney Cove D Hobart Town
Show answer Correct answer: C — Sydney Cove
Why? The glossary of Our Common Bond says the First Fleet landed at Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788. Source
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Multiple choice
In which year did a gold rush begin in New South Wales and Victoria? A 1851 B 1788 C 1901 D 1967
Show answer Correct answer: A — 1851
Why? A gold rush began in 1851 when gold was discovered in the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria. Source
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Multiple choice
Who were the first large group of migrants to Australia not from Europe? A Indian soldiers who settled in Australia after World War I B Chinese people who came during the gold rush C Vietnamese refugees in the 1970s D Americans who came to build railways
Show answer Correct answer: B — Chinese people who came during the gold rush
Why? Chinese people arriving during the gold rush of the 1850s were the first large group of migrants not from Europe. Source
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Multiple choice
What happened to Australia's population in the 10 years after the 1851 gold rush began? A It fell by half B It stayed about the same C It more than doubled D It grew by only a few hundred people
Show answer Correct answer: C — It more than doubled
Why? People came from all around the world to try their luck, and in 10 years Australia's population more than doubled. Source
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Multiple choice
Many fine buildings in which state were built from the wealth of the 1850s gold rush? A Western Australia B Victoria C Tasmania D Queensland
Show answer Correct answer: B — Victoria
Why? Our Common Bond says many fine buildings in Victoria were built from the wealth created by the gold rush of the 1850s. Source
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Multiple choice
In 1901, the separate colonies were united into a federation called: A The United Colonies of Oceania B The Dominion of New South Wales C The Republic of Australia D The Commonwealth of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Commonwealth of Australia
Why? In 1901 the colonies were united into a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Which national institutions were established at Federation in 1901? A The national parliament, the government and the High Court B The Australian Electoral Commission and the state police forces C The state police forces D Local councils and shires
Show answer Correct answer: A — The national parliament, the government and the High Court
Why? At Federation in 1901, the national parliament, government and High Court were established under the new Australian Constitution. Source
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Multiple choice
What was Australia's population in 1901, according to Our Common Bond? A About forty million B About four hundred thousand C About four million D About one hundred million
Show answer Correct answer: C — About four million
Why? Australia's population was about four million in 1901. That figure did not include Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Source
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Multiple choice
Why were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples left out of the 1901 population estimate? A They were only included in official estimates after the 1967 Referendum B They chose not to take part in counting C They were counted as part of Papua New Guinea D There was no estimate of population in 1901
Show answer Correct answer: A — They were only included in official estimates after the 1967 Referendum
Why? They were not included in official population estimates until after a Referendum in 1967. Source
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Multiple choice
During the first half of the 20th century, which migrants were actively encouraged to settle in Australia? A Chinese migrants B American migrants C Indian migrants D British migrants
Show answer Correct answer: D — British migrants
Why? In the first half of the 20th century there were programs to actively encourage British migrants to settle in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
When did a large wave of non-British migration come to Australia? A Before the First Fleet B After World War II C During the 1851 gold rush only D Right after Federation in 1901
Show answer Correct answer: B — After World War II
Why? After World War II, millions of people in Europe had to leave their homelands and large numbers of Europeans came to Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Our Common Bond, why have people come to Australia in recent years? A To join family, make a new life, or escape poverty, war or persecution B Only to study for a few months C Only to work in the mining industry D Because every migrant was required to come by an Australian law
Show answer Correct answer: A — To join family, make a new life, or escape poverty, war or persecution
Why? Recent migration and refugee programs have brought people to join family, to make a new life, or to escape poverty, war or persecution. Source
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Multiple choice
What is Australia's national language? A There is no national language B English and French C English D An Aboriginal language
Show answer Correct answer: C — English
Why? English is Australia's national language and part of the national identity. Other languages, including more than 100 Indigenous languages, are also valued. Source
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Multiple choice
In keeping with Australian values, what should migrants do about English? A Avoid using English at home and at work B Learn and use English to help them take part in society C Use English only in government offices D Wait until their children have learned English and can speak for them
Show answer Correct answer: B — Learn and use English to help them take part in society
Why? Our Common Bond says migrants should learn and use English to help them participate in Australian society. Source
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Multiple choice
While Australia celebrates the diversity of its people, it also aims to: A Keep each community completely separate B Reduce the number of languages to one C Limit migration to a single country D Build a cohesive and unified nation
Show answer Correct answer: D — Build a cohesive and unified nation
Why? Australia celebrates diversity and also aims to build a cohesive and unified nation. Source
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Multiple choice
How many states does Australia have? A Five B Seven C Six D Eight
Show answer Correct answer: C — Six
Why? Australia is a federation of six states and two mainland territories. Source
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Multiple choice
How many mainland territories does Australia have? A Two B One C Three D Six
Show answer Correct answer: A — Two
Why? There are two mainland territories: the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of Australia? A Sydney B Canberra C Melbourne D Brisbane
Show answer Correct answer: B — Canberra
Why? Canberra is Australia's capital city. It is in the Australian Capital Territory. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of New South Wales? A Newcastle B Canberra C Melbourne D Sydney
Show answer Correct answer: D — Sydney
Why? Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the nation's largest city. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of Victoria? A Melbourne B Geelong, the largest city on Port Phillip Bay C Hobart D Adelaide
Show answer Correct answer: A — Melbourne
Why? Melbourne is the capital city of Victoria. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of Queensland? A Cairns B Darwin C Gold Coast D Brisbane
Show answer Correct answer: D — Brisbane
Why? Brisbane is the capital city of Queensland. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of Western Australia? A Broome B Perth C Adelaide D Darwin
Show answer Correct answer: B — Perth
Why? Perth is the capital city of Western Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of South Australia? A Perth B Alice Springs C Adelaide D Hobart
Show answer Correct answer: C — Adelaide
Why? Adelaide is the capital city of South Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of Tasmania? A Launceston B Melbourne C Hobart D Darwin
Show answer Correct answer: C — Hobart
Why? Hobart is the capital city of Tasmania. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the capital city of the Northern Territory? A Alice Springs B Cairns C Perth D Darwin
Show answer Correct answer: D — Darwin
Why? Darwin is the capital city of the Northern Territory. Source
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Multiple choice
Which is Australia's largest city? A Canberra B Sydney C Melbourne D Perth
Show answer Correct answer: B — Sydney
Why? Our Common Bond says Sydney, the capital of New South Wales, is the nation's largest city. Source
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Multiple choice
Which state is the largest? A Western Australia B Queensland, home of the Great Barrier Reef C New South Wales D South Australia
Show answer Correct answer: A — Western Australia
Why? Western Australia is the largest state. Source
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Multiple choice
Which state is the second largest? A Victoria B Queensland C Tasmania D New South Wales
Show answer Correct answer: B — Queensland
Why? Queensland is the second largest state. Source
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Multiple choice
Which is the smallest of the mainland states? A Tasmania B South Australia C Victoria D New South Wales
Show answer Correct answer: C — Victoria
Why? Victoria is the smallest of the mainland states. Tasmania, an island, is the smallest state overall. Source
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Multiple choice
Which is the smallest state? A Victoria B The Australian Capital Territory C South Australia D Tasmania
Show answer Correct answer: D — Tasmania
Why? Tasmania is the smallest state. The Australian Capital Territory is a territory, not a state. Source
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Multiple choice
What separates Tasmania from the mainland? A Bass Strait B Torres Strait C The Great Barrier Reef D The Tasman Sea between Australia and New Zealand
Show answer Correct answer: A — Bass Strait
Why? Tasmania is separated from the mainland by Bass Strait. Source
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Multiple choice
Along the eastern coast of which state does the Great Barrier Reef run? A Queensland B New South Wales C Western Australia D The Northern Territory
Show answer Correct answer: A — Queensland
Why? The world-famous Great Barrier Reef runs along Queensland's eastern coast. Source
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Multiple choice
Which state has tropical rainforests, temperate coastal areas and an often dry inland? A Tasmania B Queensland C Victoria D South Australia
Show answer Correct answer: B — Queensland
Why? Our Common Bond describes Queensland as having tropical rainforests, temperate coastal areas and an often dry inland. Source
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Multiple choice
In which state are the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Opera House? A Victoria B Queensland C The Australian Capital Territory D New South Wales
Show answer Correct answer: D — New South Wales
Why? The Sydney Harbour Bridge and Opera House, national icons, are in Sydney, New South Wales. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an icon of Victoria? A Uluru B The Barossa Valley wine region C The Melbourne Cricket Ground D Cradle Mountain
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Melbourne Cricket Ground
Why? Victoria's icons include the Melbourne Cricket Ground, the 12 Apostles and the Royal Exhibition Building. Source
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Multiple choice
Which state's east is mostly desert, while its south-west is a rich farming and wine-growing area? A Western Australia B Queensland C Victoria D Tasmania, the island south of the mainland
Show answer Correct answer: A — Western Australia
Why? Western Australia's east is mostly desert; its south-west is rich agricultural and wine-growing land. The state also has many large mining projects. Source
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Multiple choice
The Ningaloo Coast, Margaret River and the Kimberley region are icons of which state? A Queensland B Western Australia C South Australia D The Northern Territory
Show answer Correct answer: B — Western Australia
Why? They are listed as Western Australia's icons. Source
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Multiple choice
Which state has a rugged coastline, many famous wine regions and fine colonial buildings in its capital, Adelaide? A Western Australia B Tasmania C Queensland D South Australia
Show answer Correct answer: D — South Australia
Why? South Australia has a rugged coastline and famous wine regions, and Adelaide has many examples of fine colonial architecture. Source
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Multiple choice
The Barossa Valley and the Flinders Ranges are icons of which state? A Victoria B New South Wales C South Australia D Western Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — South Australia
Why? They are listed as South Australia's icons. Source
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Multiple choice
Cradle Mountain, Port Arthur and the Bay of Fires are icons of which state? A Victoria B Tasmania C Queensland D South Australia
Show answer Correct answer: B — Tasmania
Why? They are Tasmanian icons. Much of the island has unspoilt wilderness. Source
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Multiple choice
Where is the Australian Capital Territory located? A Between Sydney and Melbourne B In the far north of Queensland C On the west coast near Perth D In the centre of the continent near Uluru
Show answer Correct answer: A — Between Sydney and Melbourne
Why? The Australian Capital Territory is located between Sydney and Melbourne. Source
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Multiple choice
Which national institutions are located in Canberra? A The Sydney Opera House and the Sydney Harbour Bridge B The Melbourne Cricket Ground C The Royal Exhibition Building D Parliament House and the High Court of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: D — Parliament House and the High Court of Australia
Why? Several national institutions are in Canberra, including Parliament House and the High Court of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Uluru, Kata Tjuta and Kings Canyon are icons of which part of Australia? A Western Australia, near the Kimberley region B South Australia C The Northern Territory D Queensland
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Northern Territory
Why? They are listed as Northern Territory icons. Source
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Multiple choice
Who performs a Welcome to Country? A The Prime Minister of Australia B Any guest who arrives first at the event, whatever their background C An Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local area D A representative of the Governor-General
Show answer Correct answer: C — An Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local area
Why? A Welcome to Country is performed by an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander custodian of the local region, welcoming visitors to their traditional land. Source
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Multiple choice
Who can deliver an Acknowledgement of Country? A Only an Aboriginal Elder B Only a member of parliament C Only a judge or magistrate D Anyone
Show answer Correct answer: D — Anyone
Why? Anyone can deliver an Acknowledgement of Country. At meetings it is usually done by the Chair or Master of Ceremonies. Source
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Multiple choice
What was a Welcome to Country traditionally meant to ensure? A That visitors paid a fee to the custodians before entering the land B That visitors had a safe and protected journey on that land C That visitors learned a local language D That only family members could attend
Show answer Correct answer: B — That visitors had a safe and protected journey on that land
Why? Traditionally it ensured visitors had a safe and protected journey during their time on that land. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these forms can a Welcome to Country take? A Songs, dances, smoking ceremonies or speeches B Only a written letter sent to each guest before the event C Only a minute of silence D A formal vote by the people present
Show answer Correct answer: A — Songs, dances, smoking ceremonies or speeches
Why? A Welcome to Country can take many forms, including songs, dances, smoking ceremonies or speeches in traditional language or English. Source
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Multiple choice
What does an Acknowledgement of Country recognise? A That the gathering is on Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander land B That the event has been approved in advance by the local police C That the speakers are elected officials D That the land belongs to the local council
Show answer Correct answer: A — That the gathering is on Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander land
Why? It recognises that the gathering is on Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander land and pays respect to Traditional Custodians, particularly Elders past and present. Source
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Multiple choice
On what date is Australia Day celebrated each year? A 25 April B 1 January C 26 January D 17 September
Show answer Correct answer: C — 26 January
Why? Australia Day is celebrated on 26 January each year. Source
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Multiple choice
What does Australia Day mark? A The landing at Gallipoli in 1915 B The anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 C Federation of the colonies in 1901 D The 1967 Referendum
Show answer Correct answer: B — The anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788
Why? Australia Day is the anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet from Great Britain in 1788. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about Australia Day is correct? A It is a public holiday only in New South Wales, where the First Fleet landed B It is a working day in all states C It is held on a different date in each state D It is a public holiday in every state and territory
Show answer Correct answer: D — It is a public holiday in every state and territory
Why? Australia Day is a public holiday in every state and territory and the biggest annual public holiday. Source
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Multiple choice
Who announces the Australian of the Year Awards during Australia Day celebrations? A The Chief Justice of the High Court B The Premier of each state C The Prime Minister D The Australian Electoral Commission
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Prime Minister
Why? During Australia Day celebrations, the Prime Minister announces the Australian of the Year Awards in Canberra. Source
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Multiple choice
On what date is Anzac Day commemorated each year? A 25 April B 26 January C 11 November D 1 January
Show answer Correct answer: A — 25 April
Why? Anzac Day is commemorated on 25 April each year. Source
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Multiple choice
What does 'Anzac' stand for? A Australian National Zone Air Command B Allied Navy of Australia and Canada C Australian and New Zealand Army Council D Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
Show answer Correct answer: D — Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
Why? Anzac Day is named after the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. Source
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Multiple choice
Where did the Anzacs land on 25 April 1915? A Normandy, in France B Gallipoli, in Türkiye C Darwin, in the Northern Territory D Singapore
Show answer Correct answer: B — Gallipoli, in Türkiye
Why? The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps landed at Gallipoli in Türkiye during World War I on 25 April 1915. Source
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Multiple choice
On Anzac Day, Australians remember: A The arrival of the First Fleet and the first convicts at Sydney Cove B The first meeting of the federal parliament C All Australians who served and died in wars, conflicts and peacekeeping D The discovery of gold in 1851
Show answer Correct answer: C — All Australians who served and died in wars, conflicts and peacekeeping
Why? Anzac Day is a solemn day remembering the sacrifice of all Australians who served and died in wars, conflicts and peacekeeping operations. Source
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Multiple choice
What are the colours of the Australian National Flag? A Blue, white and red B Green and gold C Black, red and yellow D Green, blue, black and white
Show answer Correct answer: A — Blue, white and red
Why? The Australian National Flag is blue, white and red. Green and gold are the national colours. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Australian National Flag, what does the Union Jack in the top left corner represent? A The six states and the two mainland territories of the federation B Australia's history of British settlement and inherited laws C The stars of the southern sky D Australia's Aboriginal peoples
Show answer Correct answer: B — Australia's history of British settlement and inherited laws
Why? The Union Jack represents Australia's history of British settlement and the laws and institutions inherited as a result. Source
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Multiple choice
How many points does the Commonwealth Star on the Australian National Flag have? A Five B Six C Eight D Seven
Show answer Correct answer: D — Seven
Why? The Commonwealth Star has seven points: one for each of the six states and one for the territories. Source
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Multiple choice
What do the seven points of the Commonwealth Star represent? A The seven days of the week B The seven original convict ships that sailed from Britain C The six states and one point for the territories D The seven largest cities
Show answer Correct answer: C — The six states and one point for the territories
Why? Each point represents one of the six states, and one point represents the territories. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the Southern Cross on the Australian National Flag? A A group of stars that can be seen in the southern sky B The flag of the United Kingdom C A symbol of the Christian religion D The emblem used by the Australian Army since World War I
Show answer Correct answer: A — A group of stars that can be seen in the southern sky
Why? The Southern Cross, on the right of the flag, is a group of stars visible in the southern sky. Source
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Multiple choice
Which flags are officially recognised in Australia besides the Australian National Flag? A The flags of the United Kingdom and New Zealand, Australia's closest partners B Only the flags of the capital cities C The flag of the Commonwealth Games D The Australian Aboriginal Flag and the Torres Strait Islander Flag
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Australian Aboriginal Flag and the Torres Strait Islander Flag
Why? The Australian Aboriginal Flag and the Torres Strait Islander Flag are officially recognised and may be flown in the community. Source
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Multiple choice
What are the colours of the Australian Aboriginal Flag? A Blue, white and red B Black, red and yellow C Green, blue, black and white D Green and gold
Show answer Correct answer: B — Black, red and yellow
Why? The Australian Aboriginal Flag is black, red and yellow. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Australian Aboriginal Flag, what does the black top half represent? A The night sky over the central desert B The sea around Australia C The Aboriginal peoples of Australia D The land of the Torres Strait
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Aboriginal peoples of Australia
Why? The black top half represents the Aboriginal peoples of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Australian Aboriginal Flag, what does the red bottom half represent? A The earth, which has ceremonial significance B The blood of soldiers who were lost in war C The sunset over Uluru D The colonies that formed Australia
Show answer Correct answer: A — The earth, which has ceremonial significance
Why? The red bottom half represents the earth, which has ceremonial significance. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Australian Aboriginal Flag, what does the yellow circle represent? A The moon B The sun C Gold found in 1851 D The golden wattle
Show answer Correct answer: B — The sun
Why? The yellow circle represents the sun. Source
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Multiple choice
What are the colours of the Torres Strait Islander Flag? A Black, red and yellow B Blue, white and red C Green and gold, like the golden wattle D Green, blue, black and white
Show answer Correct answer: D — Green, blue, black and white
Why? The Torres Strait Islander Flag is green, blue, black and white. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Our Common Bond, what do the green stripes on the Torres Strait Islander Flag represent? A The sea B The Torres Strait Islander people C The land D Peace
Show answer Correct answer: C — The land
Why? Our Common Bond says the green stripes represent the land, the blue panel the sea, the black lines the Torres Strait Islander people, and white symbolises peace. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, what does the blue panel in the centre represent? A The sky B The sea C The land D The Torres Strait Islander people
Show answer Correct answer: B — The sea
Why? The blue centre panel represents the sea. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, what is the white symbol in the centre? A A kangaroo B A boomerang C A golden wattle flower D A dancer's headdress
Show answer Correct answer: D — A dancer's headdress
Why? The white dancer's headdress in the centre is a symbol for all Torres Strait Islanders. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Torres Strait Islander Flag, what do the points of the white star represent? A The island groups in the Torres Strait B The six states of Australia C The planets in the solar system D The original families who lived on each island
Show answer Correct answer: A — The island groups in the Torres Strait
Why? The points of the white star represent the island groups in the Torres Strait; white symbolises peace. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia? A The Commonwealth Coat of Arms B The Southern Cross group of stars C The golden wattle D The opal
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Commonwealth Coat of Arms
Why? The Commonwealth Coat of Arms is the official symbol of the Commonwealth of Australia; it identifies its authority and property. Source
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Multiple choice
Which two native animals support the shield on the Commonwealth Coat of Arms? A A koala and a wombat B A kangaroo and an emu C A kangaroo and a koala D An emu and a platypus
Show answer Correct answer: B — A kangaroo and an emu
Why? A kangaroo and an emu, both native Australian animals, support the shield. Source
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Multiple choice
On the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, what does the shield in the centre represent? A The British Crown and the King of Australia B The First Fleet C The two mainland territories D The six states and federation
Show answer Correct answer: D — The six states and federation
Why? The shield in the centre represents the six states and federation. Source
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Multiple choice
What is in the background of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms? A The Southern Cross B The Union Jack C The golden wattle D A map of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — The golden wattle
Why? The background of the Coat of Arms is the golden wattle, Australia's national flower. Source
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Multiple choice
What is Australia's national flower? A The waratah B The red rose C The eucalyptus blossom D The golden wattle
Show answer Correct answer: D — The golden wattle
Why? Australia's national flower is the golden wattle. Each state and territory also has its own floral emblem. Source
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Multiple choice
When does the golden wattle have its golden yellow flowers? A In spring B In winter C Only in summer D All year round
Show answer Correct answer: A — In spring
Why? The golden wattle has bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring. Source
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Multiple choice
What are Australia's national colours? A Blue, white and red B Green and gold C Black, red and yellow D Red and white
Show answer Correct answer: B — Green and gold
Why? Australia's national colours are green and gold, the colours of the golden wattle. Source
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Multiple choice
Why are green and gold Australia's national colours? A They are the colours of the Union Jack in the flag's corner B They were chosen by the First Fleet C They are the colours of the golden wattle D They are the colours of the opal
Show answer Correct answer: C — They are the colours of the golden wattle
Why? Green and gold are the colours of the golden wattle, the national flower. Source
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Multiple choice
What is Australia's national gemstone? A The diamond B The opal C The sapphire D The emerald
Show answer Correct answer: B — The opal
Why? The opal is Australia's national gemstone. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Aboriginal legend, how were the colours of the opal created? A A star fell into the sea B Lightning struck a mountain C A rainbow touched the earth D The sun rested on a rock
Show answer Correct answer: C — A rainbow touched the earth
Why? According to Aboriginal legend, a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the title of Australia's national anthem? A Waltzing Matilda, the bush ballad B God Save the King C I Am Australian D Advance Australia Fair
Show answer Correct answer: D — Advance Australia Fair
Why? 'Advance Australia Fair' is Australia's national anthem. Source
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Part 2: Australia's democratic beliefs, rights and liberties Multiple choice
What is Australia's system of government? A A parliamentary democracy B An absolute monarchy ruled by the King C A one-party state D A military government
Show answer Correct answer: A — A parliamentary democracy
Why? Australia's system of government is a parliamentary democracy: citizens vote for people to represent them in parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
In Australia's parliamentary democracy, where does the power of the government come from? A From the leaders of the largest religions in the country B From the King, who chooses all members of parliament C From the Australian people, who vote for representatives D From the High Court judges
Show answer Correct answer: C — From the Australian people, who vote for representatives
Why? The power of the government comes from the Australian people because citizens vote for people to represent them in parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
How must representatives in parliament answer to the people for their decisions? A Through the courts only B Through a royal decree C They do not have to answer to anyone D Through elections
Show answer Correct answer: D — Through elections
Why? Representatives in parliament must answer to the people, through elections, for the decisions they make. Source
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Multiple choice
What does the Rule of Law mean? A No person, group or religious rule is above the law B The Prime Minister can change any law alone C Laws apply only to people born in Australia D Religious leaders decide which laws apply
Show answer Correct answer: A — No person, group or religious rule is above the law
Why? Under the Rule of Law, all Australians are equal under the law and no person, group or religious rule is above it. Source
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Multiple choice
Who must obey Australia's laws? A Everyone except members of parliament B Everyone, including leaders and the police C Only Australian citizens D Only people who have lived in Australia for more than four years
Show answer Correct answer: B — Everyone, including leaders and the police
Why? Everyone, including people in positions of power such as government, community and religious leaders, business people and the police, must obey the law. Source
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Multiple choice
How do Australians believe change should happen in society? A Through violence if people feel strongly B Through the army taking control C Through discussion, peaceful persuasion and the democratic process D Only through decisions made by religious and community leaders
Show answer Correct answer: C — Through discussion, peaceful persuasion and the democratic process
Why? Australians believe change should occur through discussion, peaceful persuasion and the democratic process, and reject violence. Source
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Multiple choice
What do Australians reject as a way to change a person's mind or the law? A Peaceful protest B Writing to a member of parliament C Voting in an election D Violence
Show answer Correct answer: D — Violence
Why? Australians reject violence as a way to change a person's mind or the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Australia's democratic system is based on the principle that every individual, regardless of background: A Must belong to a political party B Has rights and equality under Australian law C Must share the same religion D Has rights that depend on how much wealth they have
Show answer Correct answer: B — Has rights and equality under Australian law
Why? Every individual, regardless of background, has rights and equality under Australian law. Source
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Multiple choice
Australians are expected to treat each other with dignity and respect regardless of: A Race, gender, religion, age, disability or background B Whether the other person agrees with them on politics, but not religion C Their country of origin, but only if they are citizens D Nothing; respect depends on a person's wealth
Show answer Correct answer: A — Race, gender, religion, age, disability or background
Why? All Australians are expected to treat each other with dignity and respect regardless of race, origin, gender, sexual orientation, marital status, age, disability, heritage, culture, politics, wealth or religion. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these describes Australians' attitude to living peacefully? A They accept violence as part of politics B They believe only the army keeps the peace C They are proud to live in a peaceful country with stable government D They prefer frequent changes of government brought about by force
Show answer Correct answer: C — They are proud to live in a peaceful country with stable government
Why? Australians are proud to live in a peaceful country with a stable system of government. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an example of freedom of speech in Australia? A Criticising the government while obeying the law B Threatening people who disagree with you C Spreading false allegations about a neighbour on social media D Encouraging others to break the law
Show answer Correct answer: A — Criticising the government while obeying the law
Why? Freedom of speech means people can say and write what they think, including criticising the government, so long as they obey the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Freedom of speech in Australia allows people to: A Say anything at all, even if it breaks the law B Speak only about approved topics C Force others to listen to their views D Say and write what they think and discuss ideas, within the law
Show answer Correct answer: D — Say and write what they think and discuss ideas, within the law
Why? Freedom of speech means people can say and write what they think and discuss their ideas, while obeying Australian laws. Source
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Multiple choice
Which is an example of freedom of expression? A Damaging public property to make a political point B Expressing views through art, film, music and literature C Refusing to obey a police officer D Using violence at a protest
Show answer Correct answer: B — Expressing views through art, film, music and literature
Why? Freedom of expression means people can express their views, including through art, film, music and literature. Source
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Multiple choice
Are people in Australia free to meet in public or private places for social or political discussion? A No, political meetings need a government permit B Only in private homes C Yes, they are free to do so D Only during election campaigns
Show answer Correct answer: C — Yes, they are free to do so
Why? People are free to meet in public or private places for social or political discussion. Source
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Multiple choice
While using freedom of speech and expression, what must people always do? A Obey the law and respect other people's freedoms B Ask permission from their local council before speaking in public C Use only English D Support the government's view
Show answer Correct answer: A — Obey the law and respect other people's freedoms
Why? At all times the laws of Australia must be obeyed, and other people's freedom of speech and expression must be respected. Source
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Multiple choice
What is freedom of association? A The right to vote in every election B The right to form and join associations to pursue common goals C The right to choose your own judge D The right to be given a government job after becoming a citizen
Show answer Correct answer: B — The right to form and join associations to pursue common goals
Why? Freedom of association is the right to form and join associations to pursue common goals. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these can people in Australia freely join? A Any organisation they like, even one that plans crimes B Only organisations approved by their employer C Only one organisation at a time D Any legal organisation, such as a trade union or political party
Show answer Correct answer: D — Any legal organisation, such as a trade union or political party
Why? People are free to join any legal organisation, such as a political party, trade union, religious, cultural or social group. Source
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Multiple choice
Can a person in Australia be forced to join an organisation? A Yes, every worker must join a trade union B Yes, every citizen must join a political party C Yes, if their family belongs to it D No, people can choose not to join
Show answer Correct answer: D — No, people can choose not to join
Why? People can decide not to join an organisation and cannot be forced to do so. Source
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Multiple choice
Australians may gather to protest against a government action, but the protest must: A Be peaceful and not injure people or damage property B Be approved in advance by the Prime Minister's office C Be held only on public holidays D Have fewer than ten people
Show answer Correct answer: A — Be peaceful and not injure people or damage property
Why? Gatherings must be peaceful and must not injure any person or damage property; the laws of Australia must always be obeyed. Source
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Multiple choice
Australia's religious heritage is described in Our Common Bond as: A Buddhist B Hindu C Judaeo-Christian D Having no religious history
Show answer Correct answer: C — Judaeo-Christian
Why? Australia has a Judaeo-Christian heritage, and many Australians describe themselves as Christians, but people of all the large religions live there. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is a public holiday on a Christian day in Australia? A Anzac Day B Good Friday C Australia Day D New Year's Day
Show answer Correct answer: B — Good Friday
Why? Australia has public holidays on Christian days such as Good Friday, Easter Sunday and Christmas Day. Source
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Multiple choice
What does it mean that the government in Australia is secular? A It is controlled by the largest church and follows its teachings B It bans all religions C It operates separately from churches and other religious bodies D It requires citizens to follow one religion
Show answer Correct answer: C — It operates separately from churches and other religious bodies
Why? A secular government operates separately from churches or other religious entities. Australia has no official national religion. Source
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Multiple choice
Does Australia have an official national religion? A Yes, Christianity B No C Yes, the religion of the King D Yes, but it changes with each government
Show answer Correct answer: B — No
Why? Australia has no official national religion. People are free to follow any religion, or none. Source
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Multiple choice
In Australia, which statement about religion is correct? A People may follow any religion, or choose not to follow one B Everyone must follow a religion C Only Christian religions are allowed D Religious groups need written approval from the Prime Minister to meet
Show answer Correct answer: A — People may follow any religion, or choose not to follow one
Why? People in Australia are free to follow any religion they choose, and they may also choose not to follow a religion. Source
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Multiple choice
What happens if an Australian law conflicts with a religious practice? A The religious practice prevails B Each person may choose C A religious court decides D Australian law prevails
Show answer Correct answer: D — Australian law prevails
Why? Where there is a conflict between an Australian law and a religious practice, Australian law prevails. Source
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Multiple choice
How do the government and the law treat citizens of different religions? A Christians receive preference B Citizens without a religion receive fewer rights C Each religion has its own laws D Equally, whatever their religion or beliefs
Show answer Correct answer: D — Equally, whatever their religion or beliefs
Why? The government and the law treat all citizens equally, whatever their religion or beliefs. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about men and women in Australia is correct? A Men have more rights in court B Men and women have equal rights C Women cannot stand for parliament D Only men may join the Defence Force
Show answer Correct answer: B — Men and women have equal rights
Why? Men and women have equal rights in Australia, and it is against the law to discriminate against a person because of their gender. Source
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Multiple choice
Is it legal in Australia to discriminate against a person because of their gender? A No, it is against the law B Yes, if the employer is a small business C Yes, in private clubs only D Only in some states
Show answer Correct answer: A — No, it is against the law
Why? It is against the law to discriminate against a person because of their gender. Source
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Multiple choice
Australian laws ensure a person is not treated differently because of their: A Criminal record when applying to be a police officer B Skills and experience C Gender, race, disability or age D Qualifications for a job
Show answer Correct answer: C — Gender, race, disability or age
Why? Several laws ensure a person is not treated differently because of gender, race, disability or age. Source
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Multiple choice
What is meant by a 'fair go' in Australia? A Everyone should receive the same income B Wealthy families should get the best jobs C Only citizens born in Australia can succeed D Success should come from talent and effort, not wealth or background
Show answer Correct answer: D — Success should come from talent and effort, not wealth or background
Why? A 'fair go' means equality of opportunity: achievements should result from talents, work and effort rather than wealth or background. Source
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Multiple choice
What does equality of opportunity help to ensure in Australian society? A That there are no formal class distinctions B That everyone has the same job C That only the wealthy can vote D That families keep the same class for generations
Show answer Correct answer: A — That there are no formal class distinctions
Why? Equality of opportunity, or a 'fair go', helps ensure there are no formal class distinctions in Australian society. Source
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Multiple choice
Which duty do Australian citizens have if a court calls them? A To join a political party B To attend a place of worship C To serve on a jury if called to do so D To join the Australian Defence Force for at least two years
Show answer Correct answer: C — To serve on a jury if called to do so
Why? Citizens' responsibilities are to obey the law, vote, defend Australia should the need arise, and serve on a jury if called. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these must Australian citizens aged 18 or over do? A To own a home in Australia within five years B To vote in elections and referendums C To speak a second language D To work for the government
Show answer Correct answer: B — To vote in elections and referendums
Why? Voting in federal and state or territory elections, and in a referendum, is a responsibility of Australian citizens aged 18 or over. Source
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Multiple choice
Which responsibility of citizens concerns the safety of the nation? A To apply for an Australian passport before travelling overseas B To seek election to parliament C To defend Australia should the need arise D To ask for consular help overseas
Show answer Correct answer: C — To defend Australia should the need arise
Why? Defending Australia should the need arise is a responsibility. The other options are privileges citizens may choose to use. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is a responsibility, not just a privilege, of Australian citizenship? A Applying for an Australian passport B Applying for a job in the Australian Public Service C Asking for consular assistance overseas D Obeying the laws of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: D — Obeying the laws of Australia
Why? Obeying the law is a responsibility. Passports, public service jobs and consular help are privileges. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is a privilege of Australian citizenship? A Applying for an Australian passport B Paying tax on the money they earn C Obeying the laws of Australia D Serving on a jury
Show answer Correct answer: A — Applying for an Australian passport
Why? Applying for an Australian passport and re-entering Australia freely is a privilege of citizenship. Source
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Multiple choice
Which right in political life does Australian citizenship give? A Obeying traffic laws B Seeking election to parliament C Defending Australia should the need arise D Serving on a jury if called
Show answer Correct answer: B — Seeking election to parliament
Why? Seeking election to parliament is a privilege of citizenship; the other options are responsibilities or general legal duties. Source
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Multiple choice
Which privilege concerns the children of Australian citizens born overseas? A Paying income tax B Obeying the law C Applying for citizenship by descent for a child born overseas D Defending Australia should the need arise, alongside other citizens
Show answer Correct answer: C — Applying for citizenship by descent for a child born overseas
Why? Australian citizens can apply for a child born overseas to become an Australian citizen by descent. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is both a responsibility and a privilege of Australian citizenship? A Applying for an Australian passport to travel B Serving on a jury C Seeking election to parliament D Voting in elections and referendums
Show answer Correct answer: D — Voting in elections and referendums
Why? Our Common Bond lists voting as both a responsibility and a privilege of citizens. Source
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Multiple choice
Who must vote in federal and state or territory elections? A Australian citizens aged 18 years or over B All people living in Australia aged 16 or over C Only citizens who own property D Only citizens born in Australia
Show answer Correct answer: A — Australian citizens aged 18 years or over
Why? It is a responsibility for Australian citizens aged 18 years or over to vote in federal and state or territory elections and in a referendum. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a referendum? A A vote to choose the Prime Minister directly B A vote to change the Australian Constitution C A meeting of state premiers D A court case in the High Court
Show answer Correct answer: B — A vote to change the Australian Constitution
Why? A referendum is a vote to change the Australian Constitution. Source
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Multiple choice
Is voting compulsory in federal and state or territory elections? A No, it is voluntary B Only in federal elections C Yes D Only for citizens over 30
Show answer Correct answer: C — Yes
Why? Voting is compulsory in federal and state or territory elections. It may not be compulsory in local government elections in some states. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about voting in local government elections is correct, according to Our Common Bond? A It is banned for new citizens B It is compulsory everywhere for everyone over 16 C Only property owners may vote D It may not be compulsory in some states
Show answer Correct answer: D — It may not be compulsory in some states
Why? Our Common Bond says it may not be compulsory to vote in local government elections in some states. Source
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Multiple choice
Is service in the Australian Defence Force compulsory? A No, it is voluntary B Yes, for all men aged 18 C Yes, for all new citizens D Yes, for two years after school
Show answer Correct answer: A — No, it is voluntary
Why? Service in the Australian Defence Force is voluntary, but citizens have a responsibility to defend Australia should the need arise. Source
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Multiple choice
What does a jury do? A Makes new laws for the state B Listens to the evidence and decides if a person is guilty or not guilty C Chooses the judge for each case D Decides how much tax each person in the state should pay every year
Show answer Correct answer: B — Listens to the evidence and decides if a person is guilty or not guilty
Why? A jury is a group of ordinary Australians who listen to the evidence in a court case and decide if a person is guilty or not guilty. Source
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Multiple choice
Which Australian citizens can be called to serve on a jury? A Only citizens who are lawyers B Only citizens born in Australia C Citizens who are on the electoral roll D Any visitor to Australia who happens to be near the court
Show answer Correct answer: C — Citizens who are on the electoral roll
Why? Australian citizens aged 18 or over who are on the electoral roll can be called to serve on a jury. Source
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Multiple choice
How does jury service help the court system? A It allows the government to choose the verdict in each case B It helps ensure the court system is open and fair C It makes court cases secret D It replaces the need for judges
Show answer Correct answer: B — It helps ensure the court system is open and fair
Why? Jury service helps to ensure that the court system is open and fair. Source
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Multiple choice
Which privilege allows an Australian citizen to work for Services Australia or the Australian Taxation Office? A Applying for consular assistance from an embassy overseas B Seeking election to parliament C Serving on a jury D Applying for a job in the Australian Public Service
Show answer Correct answer: D — Applying for a job in the Australian Public Service
Why? Applying for a job in the Australian Public Service, for example at Services Australia or the ATO, is a privilege of citizenship. Source
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Multiple choice
Which parts make up the Australian Defence Force? A The Army, Navy and Air Force B The police, Army and Coast Guard C The Army and the Federal Police D The Navy and the Border Force
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Army, Navy and Air Force
Why? The Australian Defence Force is made up of the Army, Navy and Air Force. Source
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Multiple choice
Who can seek election to parliament in Australia? A Any resident aged 16 or over, whether a citizen or not B Citizens aged 18 or over who are not dual citizens C Only citizens born in Australia D Only members of a political party
Show answer Correct answer: B — Citizens aged 18 or over who are not dual citizens
Why? Australian citizens aged 18 years or over who are not dual citizens can seek election to federal, state or territory parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
What can Australian citizens do when returning from overseas? A Re-enter Australia freely without needing a visa B Re-enter only with a new visa each time C Re-enter only after a citizenship test D Re-enter only with written permission from their state government
Show answer Correct answer: A — Re-enter Australia freely without needing a visa
Why? Australian citizens can apply for a passport and return to Australia without needing a visa. Source
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Multiple choice
Where can an Australian citizen ask for help while overseas? A At any foreign police station only B At the local office of the Australian Electoral Commission C At an Australian embassy, high commission or consulate D Only by returning to Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — At an Australian embassy, high commission or consulate
Why? In many countries Australia has an embassy, high commission or consulate where citizens can ask for consular assistance. Source
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Multiple choice
Which help can Australian officials give citizens overseas? A Paying for their holiday if they run out of money while travelling B Cancelling a foreign country's laws for them C Guaranteeing they will not be arrested D An emergency passport and support after an accident or serious illness
Show answer Correct answer: D — An emergency passport and support after an accident or serious illness
Why? Australian officials can issue an emergency passport and give advice and support in case of accident, serious illness or death. Source
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Multiple choice
When an Australian citizen is in another country, they must: A Obey only Australian laws B Ignore all local laws C Follow only the laws of their place of birth D Obey the laws of that country
Show answer Correct answer: D — Obey the laws of that country
Why? When in another country, you must obey the laws of that country. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an example of actively participating in Australian society? A Refusing to vote in elections to show disapproval B Avoiding contact with neighbours C Volunteering for a local community organisation D Ignoring a jury summons
Show answer Correct answer: C — Volunteering for a local community organisation
Why? Active citizens join community organisations, volunteer, take part in arts and cultural groups and participate in political life. Source
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Multiple choice
Which agency collects tax in Australia? A The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) B The Australian Taxation Office (ATO) C The High Court of Australia D Services Australia
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Australian Taxation Office (ATO)
Why? Tax is collected by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). Source
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Multiple choice
Is paying tax required by law in Australia? A Yes B No, it is voluntary C Only for citizens D Only for people who own businesses
Show answer Correct answer: A — Yes
Why? Paying tax is an important way to contribute to the community and is required by law. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these services are paid for by taxes? A Only the salaries and travel of members of parliament and senators B Healthcare, education, defence, roads and social security C Only private schools D Only overseas holidays for citizens
Show answer Correct answer: B — Healthcare, education, defence, roads and social security
Why? Taxes pay for services including government-funded healthcare and education, defence, roads and railways, and social security. Source
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Multiple choice
Which levels of government collect taxes to pay for services? A All three levels of government B Only the Australian Government in Canberra C Only local councils D Only state governments
Show answer Correct answer: A — All three levels of government
Why? The Australian Government collects most tax, and state and territory governments and local councils also collect taxes to pay for services. Source
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Multiple choice
Tax is paid on money earned from: A Only a job with the federal or a state government B Only investments overseas C Only gifts from family D A job, a business or investments
Show answer Correct answer: D — A job, a business or investments
Why? Tax is paid out of the money you earn, whether from a job, a business or investments. There are also taxes on many goods and services. Source
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Part 3: Government and the law in Australia Multiple choice
Who must enrol to vote in federal, state and territory elections and referendums? A All residents aged 16 or over, citizens or not B Only citizens who pay tax C Australian citizens aged 18 years or over D Only citizens living in capital cities
Show answer Correct answer: C — Australian citizens aged 18 years or over
Why? Citizens aged 18 years or over must enrol to vote in federal, state and territory elections and referendums. Source
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Multiple choice
What happens if you are not correctly enrolled to vote? A You can vote at any polling place anyway B Your vote is counted twice C Your vote goes to the largest party D You are not able to vote in the election
Show answer Correct answer: D — You are not able to vote in the election
Why? If you are not correctly enrolled, you are not able to vote in an election. Source
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Multiple choice
Which agency conducts federal elections and referendums and keeps the Commonwealth electoral roll? A The Australian Taxation Office B The Department of Home Affairs, which runs citizenship C The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) D The High Court of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC)
Why? The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) conducts federal elections and referendums and maintains the electoral roll. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about the Australian Electoral Commission is correct? A It is independent of the government B It is run by the political party in power C It is part of the High Court D It is controlled by the Prime Minister
Show answer Correct answer: A — It is independent of the government
Why? The AEC is independent of the government: political parties and people in government cannot influence its decisions. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a secret ballot? A Voting by raising your hand in public B Voting privately, so no one knows how you voted unless you tell them C Voting in a way that only members of parliament are allowed to see D Voting done on behalf of your family
Show answer Correct answer: B — Voting privately, so no one knows how you voted unless you tell them
Why? With a secret ballot, no one is allowed to know whom you voted for unless you choose to tell them, so you are free and safe to vote. Source
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Multiple choice
What may happen if you do not vote in an election and have no good reason? A You lose your citizenship B You are sent to prison automatically C You may have to pay a fine D Nothing at all
Show answer Correct answer: C — You may have to pay a fine
Why? If you do not vote and do not have a good reason, you may have to pay a fine. Source
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Multiple choice
Why does Australia have compulsory voting? A To raise money from fines B To reduce the number of political parties that take part in elections C To let the government choose the winner D To make sure the people have a say in who governs and represents them
Show answer Correct answer: D — To make sure the people have a say in who governs and represents them
Why? Compulsory voting makes sure the people have a say in who will govern and represent them in parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
How can Australian citizens raise their concerns about government policy? A By writing to the King directly B By contacting their elected representative C By refusing to pay tax until the policy is changed D Only by joining the public service
Show answer Correct answer: B — By contacting their elected representative
Why? Citizens can contact their elected representative to raise concerns about government policy, who should consider what is suggested. Source
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Multiple choice
Before 1901, how was Australia organised? A As six separate, self-governing British colonies B As one united nation with eight states and territories C As a colony of France D As a single territory ruled from Sydney
Show answer Correct answer: A — As six separate, self-governing British colonies
Why? Before 1901, Australia was made up of six separate, self-governing British colonies. Source
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Multiple choice
Which problem between the colonies helped lead to Federation? A Trade and transport between the colonies was expensive and slow B The colonies all shared one army that had grown far too large and costly C The colonies had no laws of their own D The colonies were ruled by different kings
Show answer Correct answer: A — Trade and transport between the colonies was expensive and slow
Why? Trade and transport between colonies was expensive and slow, enforcing the law across borders was hard, and defence was weak. Source
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Multiple choice
Which developments showed a growing Australian national identity before Federation? A A national parliament in Canberra B A single Australian army that fought together in a major overseas war C The first national referendum D Australian sporting teams and a growing culture in songs, poems and art
Show answer Correct answer: D — Australian sporting teams and a growing culture in songs, poems and art
Why? Sporting teams were representing Australia internationally and an Australian culture was developing in songs, poems, stories and art. Source
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Multiple choice
On what date were the colonies united into the Commonwealth of Australia? A 26 January 1788 B 25 April 1915 C 1 January 1901 D 1 January 1851
Show answer Correct answer: C — 1 January 1901
Why? On 1 January 1901 the colonies were united into a federation of states called the Commonwealth of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a federation? A A government ruled by one person, with no parliament and no elections B The union of colonies into one nation, with the colonies keeping certain powers C A group of countries that share a currency D A local council made up of several towns
Show answer Correct answer: B — The union of colonies into one nation, with the colonies keeping certain powers
Why? A federation is the union of colonies into one nation, with the colonies retaining certain powers. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the Australian Constitution? A A list of every law that the state parliaments have made since 1901 B The national anthem in written form C The legal document that sets out the basic rules for the government of Australia D A speech given at citizenship ceremonies
Show answer Correct answer: C — The legal document that sets out the basic rules for the government of Australia
Why? The Australian Constitution is the legal document that sets out the basic rules for the government of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
The Australian Constitution was originally passed as part of: A A state law of New South Wales in 1788 B A treaty with the United States C A High Court decision in 1967 D A British Act of Parliament in 1900
Show answer Correct answer: D — A British Act of Parliament in 1900
Why? The Constitution was originally passed as part of a British Act of Parliament in 1900 and came into effect on 1 January 1901. Source
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Multiple choice
Which two Houses of Parliament did the Australian Constitution establish? A The House of Representatives and the Senate B The House of Lords and the House of Commons C The Legislative Council and the Cabinet D The High Court and the Senate
Show answer Correct answer: A — The House of Representatives and the Senate
Why? The Constitution established the Parliament of the Commonwealth, made up of a House of Representatives and a Senate. Source
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Multiple choice
Which court did the Australian Constitution establish? A The Supreme Court of New South Wales B The High Court of Australia C The Family Court D The Magistrates Court
Show answer Correct answer: B — The High Court of Australia
Why? The Constitution established the High Court of Australia, which has the ultimate power to apply and interpret the laws of Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
How can the Australian Constitution be changed? A By a decision of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet B By the people voting in a referendum C By the Governor-General alone D By the High Court
Show answer Correct answer: B — By the people voting in a referendum
Why? The Australian people can change the Constitution by voting in a referendum. Source
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Multiple choice
In the 1967 Referendum, more than 90 per cent of Australians voted 'Yes' to: A Make Canberra the national capital instead of Melbourne B Make voting compulsory C Allow Aboriginal peoples to be counted in the Census D Change the national anthem
Show answer Correct answer: C — Allow Aboriginal peoples to be counted in the Census
Why? In the 1967 Referendum, more than 90 per cent voted 'Yes' to allow Aboriginal peoples to be counted in the Census. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a 'double majority' in a referendum? A A majority of voters in a majority of states and a majority of voters nationally B Two-thirds of the members of both Houses of Parliament C A majority of voters in every single state D A majority of the High Court judges and of the Senate
Show answer Correct answer: A — A majority of voters in a majority of states and a majority of voters nationally
Why? To change the Constitution, both a majority of voters in a majority of states and a majority of voters across the nation must vote 'Yes'. Source
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Multiple choice
Why does the Australian Constitution divide the power of government into three parts? A To make laws faster B To give the King more control over the daily work of the government C To save money on salaries D To stop one person or group from holding all the power
Show answer Correct answer: D — To stop one person or group from holding all the power
Why? Dividing power between the legislative, executive and judicial branches stops one person or group from holding all the power. Source
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Multiple choice
What is legislative power? A The power to put laws into practice B The power to interpret and apply laws in court C The power to collect taxes D The power to make and change laws
Show answer Correct answer: D — The power to make and change laws
Why? Legislative power is the power to make laws. Parliament has the power to make and change laws. Source
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Multiple choice
What is executive power? A The power to make laws B The power to decide if someone is guilty C The power to put laws into practice D The power to vote in elections
Show answer Correct answer: C — The power to put laws into practice
Why? Executive power is the power to put the laws into practice. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is part of the Executive in Australia? A The Prime Minister, government ministers and the Governor-General B Judges and magistrates of the High Court and other courts C Members of a jury D The Australian Electoral Commission
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Prime Minister, government ministers and the Governor-General
Why? The Executive includes the Prime Minister, Australian government ministers and the Governor-General. Source
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Multiple choice
What is judicial power? A The power to make laws B The power to interpret and apply the law C The power to put laws into practice D The power to call an election whenever the government wants
Show answer Correct answer: B — The power to interpret and apply the law
Why? Judges have judicial power: the power to interpret and apply the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about courts and judges in Australia is correct? A They are independent of parliament and government B They must follow instructions from the Prime Minister in each case C They are elected by political parties D They are part of the Senate
Show answer Correct answer: A — They are independent of parliament and government
Why? Courts and judges are independent of parliament and government. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is Australia's Head of State? A The Prime Minister B The Governor-General C The King of Australia D The Chief Justice of the High Court
Show answer Correct answer: C — The King of Australia
Why? Australia's Head of State is the King of Australia. The Governor-General is his representative in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Who represents the King in Australia? A The Prime Minister B The Governor-General C The Premier of New South Wales D The Chief Minister of the ACT
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Governor-General
Why? The King appoints the Governor-General as his representative in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
On whose advice does the King appoint the Governor-General? A The Leader of the Opposition B The state Premiers C The Australian Electoral Commission D The Australian Prime Minister
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Australian Prime Minister
Why? The King appoints the Governor-General on advice from the Australian Prime Minister. Source
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Multiple choice
What does it mean that Australia is a constitutional monarchy? A The King makes all of Australia's laws and chooses every minister B The King is Head of State but must act in line with the Constitution C The Prime Minister is also the King D Each state has its own king
Show answer Correct answer: B — The King is Head of State but must act in line with the Constitution
Why? In a constitutional monarchy, the King is Head of State but has to act in accordance with the Constitution. Source
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Multiple choice
Who represents the King in each Australian state? A A Premier B A Mayor C A Senator D A Governor
Show answer Correct answer: D — A Governor
Why? In each state a Governor represents the King, in a role similar to that of the Governor-General. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is the leader of the Australian Government? A The Prime Minister B The Governor-General C The King D The Speaker of the House
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Prime Minister
Why? In the Australian system, the leader of the Australian Government is the Prime Minister. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is part of the Governor-General's role? A Leading the political party that won the most seats in the election B Judging criminal trials C Signing Bills passed by Parliament into law D Collecting taxes from citizens
Show answer Correct answer: C — Signing Bills passed by Parliament into law
Why? The Governor-General signs all Bills passed by the Australian Parliament into law; this is called Royal Assent. Source
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Multiple choice
What is 'Royal Assent'? A A vote by all the people to change the Australian Constitution B The Governor-General signing a Bill so it becomes law C The King's visit to Australia D The swearing-in of a new citizen
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Governor-General signing a Bill so it becomes law
Why? When the Governor-General signs a Bill passed by both Houses, it becomes law. This is called Royal Assent. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force? A The Prime Minister B The Minister for Defence C The Governor-General D The Chief of the Army
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Governor-General
Why? The Governor-General's role includes acting as Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about the Governor-General is correct? A The Governor-General is not part of the government and must remain neutral B The Governor-General leads the largest political party C The Governor-General is elected directly by the people every three years D The Governor-General is a member of the Senate
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Governor-General is not part of the government and must remain neutral
Why? The Governor-General is not part of the government, acts independently of all political parties and must remain neutral. Source
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Multiple choice
Who approves the appointment of the Prime Minister and government ministers? A The High Court B The Senate C The Australian Electoral Commission D The Governor-General
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Governor-General
Why? The Governor-General approves the appointment of the Prime Minister and ministers. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is the leader of a state government? A The Governor B The Premier C The Chief Minister D The Mayor
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Premier
Why? The leader of a state government is the Premier. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is the leader of a territory government? A The Chief Minister B The Premier C The Administrator, appointed by the Governor-General D The Governor
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Chief Minister
Why? The leader of a territory government is the Chief Minister. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is the leader of a local government? A A Premier, elected by the state parliament B A Senator C A Mayor or Shire President D A Governor
Show answer Correct answer: C — A Mayor or Shire President
Why? A Mayor or Shire President is the leader of a local government. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a senator? A A judge of the High Court B The leader of a local council C A representative of the King in a state, appointed for life D An elected representative of a state or territory in the Australian Parliament
Show answer Correct answer: D — An elected representative of a state or territory in the Australian Parliament
Why? A senator is an elected representative of a state or territory in the Australian Parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
Which two Houses make up the Australian Parliament? A The Cabinet and the High Court B The Senate and the Legislative Assembly of each state C The House of Representatives and the Senate D The House of Commons and the House of Lords
Show answer Correct answer: C — The House of Representatives and the Senate
Why? The Australian Parliament has two Houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Source
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Multiple choice
What are other names for the House of Representatives? A The Upper House or the States' House B The House of Review C The Governor's House or the Executive Council D The Lower House or the People's House
Show answer Correct answer: D — The Lower House or the People's House
Why? The House of Representatives is also called the Lower House or the People's House. Source
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Multiple choice
What are other names for the Senate? A The Upper House, the House of Review or the States' House B The Lower House or the People's House C The High Court, the Cabinet or the Executive Council D The Executive Council
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Upper House, the House of Review or the States' House
Why? The Senate is sometimes called the Upper House, the House of Review or the States' House. Source
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Multiple choice
What decides the number of members of the House of Representatives for each state and territory? A The size of the state in square kilometres B The number of people living there C The age of the state D The number of local councils
Show answer Correct answer: B — The number of people living there
Why? The number of MPs for each state and territory is based on the number of people living in that state or territory. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Our Common Bond, roughly how many members are elected to the House of Representatives? A Exactly 76 B About 12 C Over 500 D Over 150
Show answer Correct answer: D — Over 150
Why? Our Common Bond says over 150 members are elected to the House of Representatives. The Senate has 76 senators. Source
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Multiple choice
How many senators are there in total in the Australian Senate? A 150 B 12 C 76 D 100
Show answer Correct answer: C — 76
Why? Our Common Bond says there are 76 senators: 12 from each state and 2 each from the ACT and the Northern Territory. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Our Common Bond, how many senators represent each state in the Senate in total? A 2 B 12 C 6 D 76
Show answer Correct answer: B — 12
Why? Our Common Bond says each state has 12 senators in total (76 senators altogether, with 2 each for the ACT and the Northern Territory). Source
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Multiple choice
How many senators do the Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory each elect? A Two B Twelve C One D Six
Show answer Correct answer: A — Two
Why? The Australian Capital Territory and the Northern Territory elect two senators each. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the role of the House of Representatives and the Senate? A To consider, debate and vote on proposed laws and discuss national matters B To decide criminal cases C To appoint the King D To run hospitals, schools and public transport in each state and territory
Show answer Correct answer: A — To consider, debate and vote on proposed laws and discuss national matters
Why? Both Houses consider, debate and vote on proposals for new laws or changes to laws, and discuss matters of national importance. Source
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Multiple choice
What does each state government have? A Its own Head of State and army B Its own parliament and constitution C Its own currency D Its own High Court that overrules the national one
Show answer Correct answer: B — Its own parliament and constitution
Why? Each state government has its own parliament and constitution. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is appointed by the Governor-General in the Northern Territory, in a role similar to a state Governor? A A Premier, chosen by the Prime Minister B A Chief Justice C An Administrator D A Mayor
Show answer Correct answer: C — An Administrator
Why? In the Northern Territory, an Administrator is appointed by the Governor-General, with a role similar to a state Governor. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a difference between states and territories? A Territories elect more senators than states because they are newer B Only territories have their own parliaments C States cannot pass their own laws D States have rights recognised by the Constitution; territories do not
Show answer Correct answer: D — States have rights recognised by the Constitution; territories do not
Why? States have rights recognised by the Constitution while territories do not; self-governing territory laws can be altered by the Australian Government. Source
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Multiple choice
Who can alter or revoke the laws of a self-governing territory at any time? A The state governments B The Australian Government C The local councils D The Governor of New South Wales
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Australian Government
Why? Self-governing territory laws can be altered or revoked by the Australian Government at any time. Source
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Multiple choice
What are local government areas called? A Electorates, divisions or federal seats B States or territories C Cities, shires, towns or municipalities D Colonies or dominions
Show answer Correct answer: C — Cities, shires, towns or municipalities
Why? Local government areas may be called cities, shires, towns or municipalities, and each has its own local council. Source
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Multiple choice
Who elects local councillors? A The state Premier B The Prime Minister C The Australian Electoral Commission alone D Citizens in each local government area
Show answer Correct answer: D — Citizens in each local government area
Why? Citizens in each local government area vote to elect their local councillors. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for defence? A The Australian Government B State governments C Local councils D Territory governments only
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Australian Government
Why? Defence is a responsibility of the Australian Government. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for immigration and citizenship? A State and territory governments B Local councils C The Australian Government D The High Court
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Australian Government
Why? Immigration and citizenship are responsibilities of the Australian Government. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for social security, such as pensions and family support? A The Australian Government B Local councils C State governments D Territory governments only
Show answer Correct answer: A — The Australian Government
Why? Social security (pensions and family support) is a responsibility of the Australian Government. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is mainly responsible for hospitals and health services? A Local councils B The Australian Government only, through Canberra C The High Court D State and territory governments
Show answer Correct answer: D — State and territory governments
Why? Our Common Bond lists hospitals and health services as primarily a state and territory responsibility. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is mainly responsible for schools? A Local councils B State and territory governments C The Australian Government only D The Australian Electoral Commission
Show answer Correct answer: B — State and territory governments
Why? Schools are primarily the responsibility of state and territory governments. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is mainly responsible for police and ambulance services? A Local councils B The Australian Government only, through the Federal Police C The Governor-General D State and territory governments
Show answer Correct answer: D — State and territory governments
Why? Police and ambulance services are primarily state and territory responsibilities. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for rubbish collection? A The Australian Government B Local government C State governments D The Australian Defence Force
Show answer Correct answer: B — Local government
Why? Rubbish collection is a local government responsibility. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for building permits? A Local government B The Australian Government C The Australian Taxation Office D The Governor-General
Show answer Correct answer: A — Local government
Why? Building permits are a local government responsibility. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for street signs, local roads and footpaths? A The Australian Government B The High Court C Local government D The Senate
Show answer Correct answer: C — Local government
Why? Street signs, traffic controls, local roads, footpaths and bridges are local government responsibilities. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government is responsible for taxation and national economic management? A Local councils B State governments C The Australian Government D Territory governments only
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Australian Government
Why? Taxation and national economic management are listed as Australian Government responsibilities. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a political party? A A celebration held after an election B A department of the public service that advises ministers on new laws C A court that decides election results D A group of people who share ideas about how the country should be governed
Show answer Correct answer: D — A group of people who share ideas about how the country should be governed
Why? A political party is a group of people who share similar ideas about how a country should be governed and work to turn them into laws. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is one of the main political parties in Australia named in Our Common Bond? A The Commonwealth Federation Party of Australia B The Australian Labor Party C The Federal Union D The Southern Cross Party
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Australian Labor Party
Why? The main parties named are the Liberal Party of Australia, the Australian Labor Party, the Nationals and the Australian Greens. Source
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Multiple choice
What are members of parliament who do not belong to a political party called? A Independents B Ministers without portfolio C Senators D Councillors
Show answer Correct answer: A — Independents
Why? Parliamentarians who do not belong to any political party are called 'independents'. Source
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Multiple choice
Who generally forms the Australian Government after a federal election? A The party with the most members in the Senate only B The party chosen by the Governor-General C The party or coalition with the majority of members in the House of Representatives D The party that receives the most donations
Show answer Correct answer: C — The party or coalition with the majority of members in the House of Representatives
Why? The government is generally formed by the party or coalition of parties with the majority of members in the House of Representatives. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a coalition? A Parties joining to form a government or opposition B A group of judges in the High Court C A local council made up of several neighbouring towns D A vote to change the Constitution
Show answer Correct answer: A — Parties joining to form a government or opposition
Why? A coalition is the joining of two or more political parties, usually to form a government or opposition. Source
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Multiple choice
Which group forms the Opposition after a federal election? A All the independent members of parliament, acting together as one group B The members of the Senate C The party with the fewest votes D The party or coalition with the second largest number of members in the House
Show answer Correct answer: D — The party or coalition with the second largest number of members in the House
Why? The party or coalition with the second largest number of members in the House of Representatives forms the Opposition. Source
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Multiple choice
Who recommends members of parliament to become government ministers? A The Governor-General B The Prime Minister C The Leader of the Opposition D The High Court
Show answer Correct answer: B — The Prime Minister
Why? The Prime Minister recommends members of the House of Representatives or senators to become ministers; the Governor-General approves the appointments. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a minister's area of responsibility called? A An electorate B A portfolio C A shire D A ballot
Show answer Correct answer: B — A portfolio
Why? Ministers are responsible for an area of government called a portfolio, such as employment or the Treasury. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the Cabinet? A The room where votes are counted B A committee of the state Premiers and territory Chief Ministers C The key decision-making body of senior ministers D The highest court in Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — The key decision-making body of senior ministers
Why? Ministers with the most important portfolios make up the Cabinet, the key decision-making body of government. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a proposal for a new law or a change to a law called? A A ballot B A referendum C A portfolio D A Bill
Show answer Correct answer: D — A Bill
Why? A proposal to introduce a new law or change an existing one is called a 'Bill'. Source
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Multiple choice
What happens after a majority in both Houses of Parliament agree to a Bill? A It goes to the Governor-General B It goes to the High Court for a vote C It is sent to the King to rewrite D It becomes law immediately without any signature
Show answer Correct answer: A — It goes to the Governor-General
Why? If the majority of members in each House agree to a Bill, it goes to the Governor-General, who signs it so it becomes law. Source
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Multiple choice
Who must agree to a Bill before it goes to the Governor-General? A Only the Prime Minister B Only the Senate C Every single member of the House of Representatives, without exception D A majority of members in each House of Parliament
Show answer Correct answer: D — A majority of members in each House of Parliament
Why? A Bill must be agreed to by the majority of members in each House of Parliament. Source
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Multiple choice
What does a court decide? A Which party forms the government B How much money each state and territory receives from taxes C Whether a person has broken the law and what the penalty is D Who becomes Governor-General
Show answer Correct answer: C — Whether a person has broken the law and what the penalty is
Why? A court decides if a person has or has not broken the law and decides the penalty. Source
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Multiple choice
What can courts base their decisions on? A The opinion of the government B Only the evidence before them C What newspapers report D The wishes of the victim's family
Show answer Correct answer: B — Only the evidence before them
Why? Courts can only base their decisions on the evidence before them. Source
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Multiple choice
Who is the highest authority in a court? A The judge or magistrate B The police officer who made the arrest C The lawyer for the government D The jury foreperson
Show answer Correct answer: A — The judge or magistrate
Why? The judge or magistrate is the highest authority in a court, and no one can tell them what to decide. Source
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Multiple choice
Can the government remove a judge because it disagrees with the judge's decisions? A Yes, at any time B Yes, if the Prime Minister agrees C No D Yes, after each election
Show answer Correct answer: C — No
Why? Judges and magistrates are appointed by the government, but the government cannot take their jobs away if it disagrees with their decisions. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a magistrate? A A member of the Senate B A leader of a local council C A police officer of high rank D A judge of a lower court
Show answer Correct answer: D — A judge of a lower court
Why? A magistrate is a judge of a lower court. Source
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Multiple choice
In Australia's court system, a person is considered innocent: A Until they are found guilty in a court B Only if they are an Australian citizen with no previous convictions C Until the police arrest them D Only if they have a lawyer
Show answer Correct answer: A — Until they are found guilty in a court
Why? People are considered innocent until they are found guilty in a court. Source
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Multiple choice
Who has the right to be represented by a lawyer in court? A Only Australian citizens B Every person C Only people who can pay a large fee D Only people accused of serious crimes
Show answer Correct answer: B — Every person
Why? Every person has the right to be represented by a lawyer in court. Source
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Multiple choice
How are members of a jury chosen? A By the judge, who chooses from among local lawyers B By the person accused of the crime C Randomly, from ordinary citizens in the population D By the political party in government
Show answer Correct answer: C — Randomly, from ordinary citizens in the population
Why? A jury is a group of ordinary Australian citizens randomly chosen from the general population. Source
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Multiple choice
In a criminal trial, if the jury finds a person guilty, who decides the penalty? A The judge B The jury C The police D The victim
Show answer Correct answer: A — The judge
Why? The judge explains the law to the jury, and if the jury finds a person guilty, the judge decides the penalty. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the job of the police? A To decide whether people are guilty and set the penalty for crimes B To maintain peace and order and protect life and property C To make new laws D To set the penalty for a crime
Show answer Correct answer: B — To maintain peace and order and protect life and property
Why? The police maintain peace and order in the community and protect life and property. The court decides guilt. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about the police in Australia is correct? A They decide whether a person is guilty B They are controlled by political parties C They can set fines for any amount they like D They are independent of the government
Show answer Correct answer: D — They are independent of the government
Why? The police are independent of the government. They can arrest people and bring them before a court, but the court decides guilt. Source
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Multiple choice
Which police force investigates crimes against federal laws, such as drug trafficking? A The state police force B The local council rangers C The Australian Federal Police (AFP) D The Australian Electoral Commission
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Australian Federal Police (AFP)
Why? The Australian Federal Police investigates crimes against federal laws, such as drug trafficking and crimes against national security. Source
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Multiple choice
Is it a crime to offer a bribe to a police officer in Australia? A No, only accepting a bribe is a crime B Yes, even offering a bribe is a crime C Only if the amount is large D Only in some states
Show answer Correct answer: B — Yes, even offering a bribe is a crime
Why? It is a serious crime to bribe the police, and a crime even to offer a bribe to a police officer. Source
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Multiple choice
If you break an Australian law that you did not know about: A You cannot be charged B You only receive a warning letter the first time it happens C You must leave Australia D You could still be charged, because not knowing the law is no excuse
Show answer Correct answer: D — You could still be charged, because not knowing the law is no excuse
Why? Not knowing the law is no excuse: you could be charged even if you did not know about the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is described as one of the most serious crimes in Australia? A Armed robbery B Parking in a loading zone C Forgetting to renew a library book D Not attending a council meeting
Show answer Correct answer: A — Armed robbery
Why? Serious crimes include murder, assault, sexual assault, armed robbery or theft, dangerous driving, possession of illegal drugs and fraud. Source
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Multiple choice
What is domestic and family violence? A An argument about money between neighbours who share a fence B Behaviour or threats that aim to control a partner by causing fear C A disagreement in a sports team D A noisy party at home
Show answer Correct answer: B — Behaviour or threats that aim to control a partner by causing fear
Why? Domestic and family violence is behaviour or threats that aim to control a partner by causing fear or threatening their safety. It is against the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these can be a form of domestic and family violence? A Isolating a family member from friends and family B Inviting relatives for a family dinner C Discussing a household budget together at the kitchen table D Helping a partner find a job
Show answer Correct answer: A — Isolating a family member from friends and family
Why? Domestic and family violence can include hitting, isolating a family member from friends and family, or threatening children or pets. Source
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Multiple choice
What should you do if you or someone you know is in danger? A Wait until the next election B Ask a neighbour to deal with it C Write to the Governor-General D Contact the police
Show answer Correct answer: D — Contact the police
Why? If you or someone you know is in danger, you should contact the police. Source
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Multiple choice
Which level of government controls road and traffic rules? A The Australian Government B The High Court C State and territory governments D The Australian Electoral Commission
Show answer Correct answer: C — State and territory governments
Why? Road and traffic rules are controlled by state and territory governments. Source
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Multiple choice
What do you need to drive a car in Australia? A A local driver's licence and a registered car B Only a passport C Only a car that is less than five years old and has been serviced D Permission from your local council each day
Show answer Correct answer: A — A local driver's licence and a registered car
Why? To drive a car in Australia you must have a local driver's licence and the car must be registered. Source
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Multiple choice
Who must wear a seatbelt when travelling in a car? A Only the driver B Everybody travelling in the car C Only passengers in the front seat D Only children
Show answer Correct answer: B — Everybody travelling in the car
Why? Everybody travelling in a car must wear a seatbelt, and babies and young children must be in an approved car seat. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is against the law while driving in Australia? A Listening to the radio B Driving with the windows open on a hot day C Stopping at a red light D Using a hand-held mobile phone
Show answer Correct answer: D — Using a hand-held mobile phone
Why? It is against the law to use a hand-held mobile device while driving, to drive after taking drugs or above the blood alcohol limit. Source
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Part 4: Australian values Multiple choice
Australian values are based on: A Wealth, family name and the social class a person is born into B Obedience to religious leaders C Freedom, respect, fairness and equality of opportunity D Loyalty to a single political party
Show answer Correct answer: C — Freedom, respect, fairness and equality of opportunity
Why? Our Common Bond says Australian values based on freedom, respect, fairness and equality of opportunity keep the community secure, prosperous and peaceful. Source
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Multiple choice
Do Australian laws apply to all people in Australia, whatever their background or culture? A No, people may follow the laws of their home country B Yes, everyone must follow Australian laws C Only citizens must follow them D Only people born in Australia must follow them
Show answer Correct answer: B — Yes, everyone must follow Australian laws
Why? Australian laws apply to all people in Australia, regardless of background or culture. Source
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Multiple choice
Under the Rule of Law in Australia: A Leaders can ignore laws they disagree with if they hold public office B Laws apply only when police are watching C All Australians are equal in relation to the law D Wealthy people can pay to avoid laws
Show answer Correct answer: C — All Australians are equal in relation to the law
Why? Under the Rule of Law, all Australians are equal in relation to the law and no person or group is above it. Source
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Multiple choice
Ahmed finds an empty street at night with a red traffic light. What do Australian values expect him to do? A Drive through because no one can see him B Drive through the red light if he is in a hurry to get home C Ignore traffic lights after dark D Obey the law and wait, even if no one is watching
Show answer Correct answer: D — Obey the law and wait, even if no one is watching
Why? Our Common Bond says you should follow the law even if no one is watching. Source
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Multiple choice
Why is voting compulsory in Australia, according to Our Common Bond? A It shows the importance of taking part in elections B It is a way for the government to raise money from fines C It allows only some citizens to have a say D It replaces the need for parliament
Show answer Correct answer: A — It shows the importance of taking part in elections
Why? Voting is compulsory in Australia, which shows the importance of participating in elections. Source
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Multiple choice
In Australia, our laws are determined by: A Religious leaders B The largest companies and business groups C The police D Parliaments elected by the people
Show answer Correct answer: D — Parliaments elected by the people
Why? In a parliamentary democracy, laws are determined by parliaments elected by the people. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is acceptable under freedom of speech in Australia? A Peacefully protesting against a government decision B Encouraging violence against a religious group you disagree with C Making false allegations about a person D Encouraging people to break the law
Show answer Correct answer: A — Peacefully protesting against a government decision
Why? Peaceful protest is an essential part of democracy. Promoting violence, making false allegations or encouraging law-breaking is not acceptable. Source
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Multiple choice
Is it acceptable in Australia to promote violence against a group because of their culture or religion? A Yes, it is protected under freedom of speech B Never; it is against Australian values and the law C Yes, if done online D Only in private
Show answer Correct answer: B — Never; it is against Australian values and the law
Why? It is never acceptable to promote violence against a person or group; it is against Australian values and law. Source
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Multiple choice
Which media share the same freedom of speech as individuals in Australia? A Only government-owned media B Only newspapers approved by the Prime Minister C Newspapers, television and radio outlets D No media; only individuals have it
Show answer Correct answer: C — Newspapers, television and radio outlets
Why? Our Common Bond says newspapers, television and radio outlets have the same freedom. Source
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Multiple choice
Is it legal in Australia to make false allegations about another person? A Yes, under freedom of speech B Yes, if it is posted online C Yes, if the person is a politician D No, it is illegal
Show answer Correct answer: D — No, it is illegal
Why? It is illegal to make false allegations or to encourage others to break the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Why is tolerance of peaceful public protest important in Australia? A It is an essential part of democracy B It lets the police decide which new laws are needed C It allows violence to be used D It replaces the need for elections
Show answer Correct answer: A — It is an essential part of democracy
Why? Australians may peacefully protest against government actions because tolerance of peaceful protest is an essential part of democracy. Source
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Multiple choice
Mei disagrees strongly with her neighbour's political opinions. What reflects Australian values? A Threatening him until he changes his mind B Damaging his property to make a point C Respecting his right to express his lawful views D Reporting him to the police because of his political opinions
Show answer Correct answer: C — Respecting his right to express his lawful views
Why? Other people's freedom of speech and expression must be respected, as long as the expression is lawful. Source
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Multiple choice
Under freedom of association, a person in Australia: A Must stay in a group for life once they have joined it B Can join or leave any legal group voluntarily C Can be forced to join a trade union D Must belong to a religious group
Show answer Correct answer: B — Can join or leave any legal group voluntarily
Why? People are free to join or leave any group voluntarily within the law, and cannot be compelled to join or forced to leave. Source
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Multiple choice
A community group tells a member he is not allowed to leave. Under Australian values: A He must stay for at least one year B He must get written permission from the police before he can leave C He must pay the group before leaving D He is free to leave; people cannot be forced to stay
Show answer Correct answer: D — He is free to leave; people cannot be forced to stay
Why? Individuals cannot be compelled to join an organisation or forced to leave it; joining and leaving are voluntary. Source
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Multiple choice
What must every protest in Australia be? A Approved by a religious leader B Held only in Canberra C Peaceful and within the law D Supported by the government
Show answer Correct answer: C — Peaceful and within the law
Why? All protests must be within the law: they must be peaceful and must not injure people or damage property. Source
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Multiple choice
Do religious laws have legal status in Australia? A No B Yes, for members of that religion C Yes, if both people agree D Yes, in family matters
Show answer Correct answer: A — No
Why? Religious laws have no legal status in Australia. Australian law must be followed by everyone, including where it differs from religious laws. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these practices is against the law in Australia? A Following any religion B Polygamy (having more than one spouse at once) C Changing your religion D Choosing not to follow any religion at all, and saying so publicly
Show answer Correct answer: B — Polygamy (having more than one spouse at once)
Why? Polygamy and forced marriage are against the law in Australia and can result in severe penalties, including imprisonment. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a forced marriage? A A marriage held in a government office B A marriage between people of different religions C A marriage arranged quickly before travel D A marriage where one or both people did not have a free choice
Show answer Correct answer: D — A marriage where one or both people did not have a free choice
Why? A forced marriage is one where one or both of the couple did not have a free choice. It is against the law in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Is religious intolerance acceptable in Australian society? A Yes, towards people who are not citizens B Yes, towards new religions C No D Yes, if most people agree
Show answer Correct answer: C — No
Why? Religious intolerance is not acceptable in Australian society. Source
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Multiple choice
What happens if a religious practice breaks Australian law? A The religious practice is allowed for believers B Australian law must be followed C A religious leader decides D It is allowed if done at home
Show answer Correct answer: B — Australian law must be followed
Why? Religious practices must not break Australian laws; Australian law must be followed by everyone in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Can polygamy and forced marriage lead to imprisonment in Australia? A Yes, they can result in severe penalties including imprisonment B No, they are legal in Australia if they are part of a person's culture C No, they are only discouraged D Only if they happen in a capital city
Show answer Correct answer: A — Yes, they can result in severe penalties including imprisonment
Why? Polygamy and forced marriage are against the law and can result in severe legal penalties, including imprisonment. Source
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Multiple choice
How are Buddhists treated under Australian law compared with Christians? A Christians receive preference B Buddhists need a special permit C They receive the same treatment D Buddhists cannot hold public office
Show answer Correct answer: C — They receive the same treatment
Why? People of all faiths, such as Buddhists, receive the same treatment as Christians under the law. Source
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Multiple choice
Under Australian law, who can marry each other? A Only a man and a woman of the same religion B Two people, including two men or two women C Only people chosen by their parents D Only Australian-born citizens
Show answer Correct answer: B — Two people, including two men or two women
Why? Under Australian law, two people can marry each other, including two men or two women. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these can both men and women do in Australia? A Vote, stand for parliament and join the police or Defence Force B Only men can stand for parliament, although both men and women may vote C Only women can be teachers D Only men can join the police
Show answer Correct answer: A — Vote, stand for parliament and join the police or Defence Force
Why? Men and women have equal access to education and employment, can vote, stand for parliament, join the ADF and police, and are treated equally in courts. Source
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Multiple choice
A company is choosing between a man and a woman for a job. The woman has better qualifications and skills. What does Australian law support? A Giving the job to the man, because the law says men should be preferred B Choosing the older applicant C Choosing the applicant from the wealthier family D Giving the job to the woman, the best person for the job
Show answer Correct answer: D — Giving the job to the woman, the best person for the job
Why? In Australia it is a right for a woman to get a job ahead of a man if she has better qualifications and skills; the law supports choosing the best person. Source
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Multiple choice
Who can make independent choices about personal matters such as marriage and religion? A Only men B Only parents for their adult children C Only people over 40 D Both men and women
Show answer Correct answer: D — Both men and women
Why? Both men and women have the right to make their own independent choices about personal matters, such as marriage and religion. Source
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Multiple choice
Is physical violence against a spouse or partner acceptable in Australia? A No, it is never acceptable and is a criminal offence B Yes, within marriage C Yes, as long as the rest of the family agrees that it was deserved D Only in some cultures
Show answer Correct answer: A — No, it is never acceptable and is a criminal offence
Why? Physical violence against a spouse or partner is never acceptable and is a criminal offence in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement about divorce in Australia is correct? A Only a husband may apply for divorce B Either spouse may apply, even if the other does not want to C Divorce is not allowed in Australia D Both partners must agree in writing before a court will allow a divorce
Show answer Correct answer: B — Either spouse may apply, even if the other does not want to
Why? Divorce is acceptable in Australia. Either spouse may apply to the courts, even if the other spouse wishes to continue the marriage. Source
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Multiple choice
How should people from different backgrounds be treated under Australian law? A Given preference in jobs and housing if they were born in Australia B Treated according to their wealth C Neither given preferential treatment nor discriminated against D Treated according to their religion
Show answer Correct answer: C — Neither given preferential treatment nor discriminated against
Why? The law is applied so that people from different backgrounds are not given preferential treatment, nor discriminated against. Source
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Multiple choice
When an organisation fills a job, what does the law support? A Choosing the person with the best skills and experience B Choosing a member of the owner's family, even if less qualified C Choosing the applicant with the most money D Choosing only people of one ethnicity
Show answer Correct answer: A — Choosing the person with the best skills and experience
Why? When an organisation needs to fill a job, the law supports selecting the person with the best skills and experience. Source
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Multiple choice
Which statement reflects the Australian value of a 'fair go'? A A person should get a job because of their family's wealth and connections B A person should get a job based on their skills and experience C A person should get a job because of their ethnicity D Jobs should go to men first
Show answer Correct answer: B — A person should get a job based on their skills and experience
Why? A 'fair go' means a person should get a job based on skills and experience, not gender, wealth or ethnicity. Source
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Multiple choice
According to Australian values, what someone achieves in life should result from: A Their family name and who their parents are B Their religion C Their place of birth D Their hard work and talents
Show answer Correct answer: D — Their hard work and talents
Why? What someone achieves in life should be a result of their hard work and talents. Source
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Multiple choice
Should people in Australia be limited by class distinctions? A Yes, the class a person is born into decides which jobs they can do B Yes, for jobs in government C No, everyone deserves a 'fair go' regardless of background D Only in some states
Show answer Correct answer: C — No, everyone deserves a 'fair go' regardless of background
Why? Australians believe everyone deserves a 'fair go' and people should not be limited by any kind of class distinction. Source
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Multiple choice
Is it acceptable to discriminate against someone because of their gender? A Yes, for private businesses B No, it is against the law C Yes, when hiring for physical jobs D Only for older workers
Show answer Correct answer: B — No, it is against the law
Why? It is against the law to discriminate against a person because of their gender. Source
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Multiple choice
Australian society values the equal rights of all people regardless of: A Whether they have broken the law or been found guilty of a serious crime in court B Their skills for a job C Gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, race or origin D Their qualifications
Show answer Correct answer: C — Gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, race or origin
Why? Australian society values the equal rights of all people regardless of gender, sexual orientation, age, disability, religion, race, or national or ethnic origin. Source
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Multiple choice
Is verbal abuse acceptable in Australia? A Yes, verbal abuse is always legal B Yes, verbal abuse is legal as long as it happens inside your own home C Yes, if the other person started it D No, violence of any kind, including verbal abuse, is illegal
Show answer Correct answer: D — No, violence of any kind, including verbal abuse, is illegal
Why? Our Common Bond says violence of any kind, including verbal and physical abuse, is illegal. Source
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Multiple choice
How do Australians believe disagreements should be handled? A Through peaceful disagreement B Through physical fights C Through threats and intimidation D By forcing the other person to leave
Show answer Correct answer: A — Through peaceful disagreement
Why? Australians believe in peaceful disagreement and above all the right to be safe and free from violence and intimidation. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the age of sexual consent in Australia? A 14 in every state B 21 in every state C 18 in every state and territory without exception D 16 or 17, depending on the state or territory
Show answer Correct answer: D — 16 or 17, depending on the state or territory
Why? The age of sexual consent is 16 or 17 depending on the state or territory. The laws are very strict. Source
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Multiple choice
A 20-year-old man wants to have sexual relations with a 15-year-old girl. Under Australian law: A It is legal if her parents agree to it in writing beforehand B It is legal if they plan to marry C It is against the law in all states and territories D It is legal in some states
Show answer Correct answer: C — It is against the law in all states and territories
Why? Our Common Bond gives this example: it is against the law in all Australian states and territories. Source
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Multiple choice
What should you do if the police make a lawful request of you? A Ignore it if you disagree B Obey the lawful request C Ask a religious leader first D Only obey if a lawyer is present
Show answer Correct answer: B — Obey the lawful request
Why? The lawful actions of the police should be supported; you should obey a lawful request from the police. Source
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Multiple choice
What does mutual respect and tolerance mean? A Listening to others and respecting their views, even when they differ from yours B Agreeing with everyone all the time C Avoiding people who think differently D Only respecting people who share your own background, religion and beliefs
Show answer Correct answer: A — Listening to others and respecting their views, even when they differ from yours
Why? Mutual respect and tolerance means listening to others and respecting their views and opinions, even when they are different from your own. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an example of racism that has no place in Australia? A Supporting a different sports team B Speaking a language other than English at home with your family C Celebrating a cultural festival D Making racially abusive comments at a sporting event
Show answer Correct answer: D — Making racially abusive comments at a sporting event
Why? Racism includes making racially abusive comments in public or at a sporting event, or sharing racially offensive material online. Source
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Multiple choice
Is sharing racially offensive material on the internet acceptable in Australia? A No, racism has no place in Australia B Yes, the internet is not covered by Australian values C Yes, if it is a joke D Yes, if it is shared privately
Show answer Correct answer: A — No, racism has no place in Australia
Why? Racism has no place in Australia, including creating or sharing racially offensive material on the internet. Source
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Multiple choice
Where can incidents of racism be reported, besides the police? A The Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) B The Australian Taxation Office C The Australian Human Rights Commission D The Reserve Bank of Australia
Show answer Correct answer: C — The Australian Human Rights Commission
Why? Racism can be reported to the police, and complaints can be made to the Australian Human Rights Commission. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the Australian Human Rights Commission? A A court that hears serious criminal trials and decides the penalties B An independent commission that investigates discrimination and human rights complaints C A political party D A department that runs elections
Show answer Correct answer: B — An independent commission that investigates discrimination and human rights complaints
Why? The Australian Human Rights Commission is an independent commission that investigates complaints about discrimination and human rights breaches. Source
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Multiple choice
What do Australians expect of everyone living in Australia? A To take part in society and contribute to the community B To avoid involvement in community life C To rely only on government support D To stay within their own cultural group and avoid wider community life
Show answer Correct answer: A — To take part in society and contribute to the community
Why? Australians expect everyone to participate in society and make a contribution to the community. Source
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Multiple choice
When people are able to, what responsibility do they have towards themselves and their families? A To rely fully on government payments, even when they are able to work B To try to support themselves and their families C To ask neighbours for money D To leave this to the community
Show answer Correct answer: B — To try to support themselves and their families
Why? Everyone has a responsibility to try and support themselves and their families when they are able to do so. Source
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Multiple choice
What does 'mateship' mean? A Joining a political party together with your friends and neighbours B Choosing friends based on wealth C Helping and receiving help from others, especially in difficult times D Supporting the same sports team
Show answer Correct answer: C — Helping and receiving help from others, especially in difficult times
Why? Mateship means helping and receiving help from others, especially in difficult times. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an example of mateship? A Refusing to help a neighbour in need B Competing with a colleague for a promotion C Ignoring someone who is lonely D Driving a friend to a medical appointment
Show answer Correct answer: D — Driving a friend to a medical appointment
Why? Examples of mateship include taking a meal to an elderly neighbour, driving a friend to a medical appointment or visiting someone who is sick or lonely. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is a benefit of volunteering, according to Our Common Bond? A Earning a large salary B Avoiding paying tax C Sharing knowledge, learning skills and feeling part of the community D Getting Australian citizenship without having to sit the test
Show answer Correct answer: C — Sharing knowledge, learning skills and feeling part of the community
Why? Volunteering is a chance to share knowledge, learn new skills and increase your integration into and sense of belonging to the community. Source
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Multiple choice
What is a volunteer? A A person paid by the government to inspect homes B A person who gives their time without expecting payment C A person who must do community work after a crime D A person who works only for a political party
Show answer Correct answer: B — A person who gives their time without expecting payment
Why? A volunteer is a person who gives their time to a person or organisation without expecting payment. Source
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Multiple choice
Why is English important as the national language of Australia? A It is the only language people may speak at home B It is needed only to vote C It replaces all other languages D It is an important unifying element of society
Show answer Correct answer: D — It is an important unifying element of society
Why? Australian society values English as the national language and as an important unifying element of society. Source
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Multiple choice
Why is it important to learn to speak English in Australia? A It helps with education, work and taking part in the community B Other languages are illegal C It is needed to drive a car or to ride on any public transport D It is only important for children
Show answer Correct answer: A — It helps with education, work and taking part in the community
Why? Learning English helps people get an education and a job and integrate into the community; it is essential for economic participation and social cohesion. Source
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Multiple choice
What must applicants for Australian citizenship undertake regarding English, if it is not their native language? A To make reasonable efforts to learn English B To stop speaking their first language C To pass a university English degree within two years D To teach English to others
Show answer Correct answer: A — To make reasonable efforts to learn English
Why? Applicants must undertake to make reasonable efforts to learn the English language, if it is not their native language. Source
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Multiple choice
Sam suspects a neighbour may be planning a serious crime. What should he do? A Ignore it because it is not his business B Report it to Australian government authorities as soon as possible C Warn the neighbour that he knows D Wait until the crime has happened
Show answer Correct answer: B — Report it to Australian government authorities as soon as possible
Why? If people suspect a friend or neighbour may be planning a serious crime, they should report it to Australian government authorities as soon as possible. Source
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Multiple choice
If a person sees or knows of a child being abused, what should they do? A Keep it private within the family and wait to see what happens B Discuss it only with friends C Do nothing unless asked D Report it to the police to investigate
Show answer Correct answer: D — Report it to the police to investigate
Why? If a person sees or has knowledge of a child being abused, they should report this to the police. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is an example of cyber abuse? A Sending a birthday message B Sharing a news article C Stalking a person online D Joining an online class
Show answer Correct answer: C — Stalking a person online
Why? Cyber abuse includes sharing sexual images without consent, stalking someone online or making racially abusive comments online. Many forms are illegal. Source
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Multiple choice
Is sharing sexual photos or videos of someone online without their consent acceptable in Australia? A No, it is cyber abuse and many forms are illegal B Yes, if the photos are old C Yes, as long as it is shared only on private social media groups D Yes, if the person is an adult
Show answer Correct answer: A — No, it is cyber abuse and many forms are illegal
Why? Sharing sexual photos or videos online without consent is cyber abuse; many forms of cyber abuse are illegal in Australia. Source
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Multiple choice
In the citizenship pledge, to whom do Australian citizens pledge their loyalty? A The Prime Minister and the government of the day B Australia and its people C Their political party D Their place of worship
Show answer Correct answer: B — Australia and its people
Why? In the citizenship pledge, Australian citizens pledge their loyalty to Australia and its people. Source
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Multiple choice
Can an Australian citizen also hold the citizenship of another country? A No, never B Only if they were born in Australia to Australian parents C Only for the first five years D Yes, if the laws of the other country allow it
Show answer Correct answer: D — Yes, if the laws of the other country allow it
Why? Australian citizens may also hold the citizenship of another country if the laws of that country allow; this is dual or multiple citizenship. Source
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Multiple choice
A dual citizen living in Australia must follow: A Only the laws of their other country B Whichever laws they prefer C All Australian laws at all times D Australian laws only in public
Show answer Correct answer: C — All Australian laws at all times
Why? Even if a person is also a citizen of another country, an Australian citizen in Australia must follow all Australian laws at all times. Source
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Multiple choice
Do some Australian laws apply to Australian citizens even when they are overseas? A Yes, for example laws against sexual activity with a child under 16 B No, Australian laws stop at the border C Only tax laws apply overseas D Only traffic laws apply overseas
Show answer Correct answer: A — Yes, for example laws against sexual activity with a child under 16
Why? Some Australian laws must be followed overseas; for example, it is illegal for Australians to be involved in sexual activity with a child under 16, here or overseas. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these would undermine Australia's interests? A Voting in a federal election B Volunteering at a local school C Using social media to share official government secrets D Writing to your member of parliament about a local problem
Show answer Correct answer: C — Using social media to share official government secrets
Why? Our Common Bond gives sharing official government secrets on social media as an example of undermining Australia's interests. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these would damage Australian community relations? A Attending a cultural festival B Promoting distrust and fear of an ethnic community C Learning about a neighbour's religion and cultural traditions D Joining a multicultural sports club
Show answer Correct answer: B — Promoting distrust and fear of an ethnic community
Why? Promoting distrust in and fear of an ethnic community would damage Australian community relations. Source
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Multiple choice
During the 2019-20 bushfire season, how did many multicultural communities respond? A They left Australia until the fires stopped B They asked the government to pay them C They stayed away from the affected areas and did nothing D They collected money, clothes and food for people affected
Show answer Correct answer: D — They collected money, clothes and food for people affected
Why? Many multicultural communities collected money, clothes and food donations to help people affected by the bushfires. Source
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Multiple choice
What is the meaning of 'integration' in Our Common Bond? A Migrants keeping completely separate from the wider community B The government choosing where migrants live C Combining all religions into one D Migrants adapting so they can take part in and contribute to society
Show answer Correct answer: D — Migrants adapting so they can take part in and contribute to society
Why? Integration is the process of adaptation by migrants so that they can participate in and contribute to their new, evolving society. Source
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Multiple choice
What does 'self-sufficient' mean? A Able to provide for your own needs without the help of others B Able to live without obeying the law C Able to vote without enrolling D Able to work only for yourself
Show answer Correct answer: A — Able to provide for your own needs without the help of others
Why? Self-sufficient means able to provide for your own needs, without the help of other people. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these does NOT reflect Australian values? A Treating people of all faiths equally B Forcing a family member into a marriage C Respecting other people's opinions, even when you disagree with them D Helping a neighbour in need
Show answer Correct answer: B — Forcing a family member into a marriage
Why? Forced marriage is against the law in Australia. Equal treatment, respect for others and helping neighbours reflect Australian values. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these reflects the Australian value of equality? A Only men being allowed to vote B Jobs being given according to religion C Men and women being treated equally in courts of law D Laws applying differently to the wealthy
Show answer Correct answer: C — Men and women being treated equally in courts of law
Why? Men and women are treated equally in courts of law and have equal access to education and employment. Source
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Multiple choice
Your workplace manager is from a different country and religion from you. How should you treat her? A With less respect because she is from another country B With the same respect as anyone else C Only follow her instructions if you share her religion D Ask to be moved to a manager of your own background
Show answer Correct answer: B — With the same respect as anyone else
Why? All Australians are expected to treat each other with dignity and respect, regardless of country of origin or religion. Source
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Multiple choice
Which of these is the right way to try to change a law you disagree with in Australia? A Ignore the law until enough people complain and it is changed B Use violence to get attention C Threaten the people who made the law D Campaign peacefully and contact your member of parliament
Show answer Correct answer: D — Campaign peacefully and contact your member of parliament
Why? Australians believe change should come through discussion, peaceful persuasion and the democratic process, such as contacting your representative. Source
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Numbered practice tests Official sources (2) · last checked 19 October 2026 