Reading and Use of English B2 First

52 preguntas originales en el formato del Reading and Use of English de B2 First: las siete partes, con explicaciones también en español. Aquí las respuestas escritas de las partes 2, 3 y 4 se eligen entre opciones.

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Todos los textos, nombres, lugares, fechas y precios son inventados para practicar. FreeExamPath es independiente y no está vinculado a Cambridge University Press & Assessment. B1 Preliminary, B2 First y Cambridge English son marcas de Cambridge University Press & Assessment. Estos ejercicios no son material oficial, y tu resultado es una estimación de práctica, no una puntuación de la Cambridge English Scale.

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Parte 1: texto con huecos de opción múltiple

Read the text. For each gap, choose the word or phrase that fits best (A, B, C or D).Lee el texto. Para cada hueco, elige la palabra o expresión que mejor encaja (A, B, C o D).

Artículo Getting lost on purpose

Not so long ago, finding your way around an unfamiliar city meant unfolding a paper map on a street corner and hoping for the best. Today most of us simply (1)hueco 1 an address into our phones and follow the blue dot. It is undeniably convenient, but some researchers believe it comes at a (2)hueco 2. Studies suggest that people who rely heavily on satellite navigation tend to form weaker mental maps of the places they visit, and may find it harder to (3)hueco 3 their bearings when the battery dies.
Rachel Okafor, a geographer at the University of Merrow, has a simple suggestion: get lost now and then. 'I'm not saying we should throw our phones away,' she explains. 'But it's worth (4)hueco 4 a few minutes to look around and work out where you are.' She encourages her students to walk across town without a screen, paying (5)hueco 5 attention to landmarks such as churches, rivers and unusual buildings.
The results, she says, are often surprising. Students who (6)hueco 6 out on these walks feeling nervous usually come back delighted. Many discover cafés and parks they had never (7)hueco 7 of, despite living nearby for years. 'When you're not staring at a screen,' Okafor says, 'you actually (8)hueco 8 the city rather than just passing through it.'

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 1

Today most of us simply hueco an address into our phones and follow the blue dot.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C — type

¿Por qué? We 'type' an address or words into a phone or computer. You 'dial' a number, and you 'press' a button, not an address.En inglés se dice 'type an address into a phone' (teclear una dirección). 'Dial' se usa con números y 'press' con botones.

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Pregunta 2

It is undeniably convenient, but some researchers believe it comes at a hueco.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A — cost

¿Por qué? 'Come at a cost' is a fixed phrase meaning that something has a disadvantage. 'Fee', 'charge' and 'rate' are about money paid for a service.'Come at a cost' es una expresión fija: algo tiene un precio o una desventaja. 'Fee', 'charge' y 'rate' se refieren a dinero que se paga.

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Pregunta 3

Studies suggest that people who rely heavily on satellite navigation tend to form weaker mental maps of the places they visit, and may find it harder to hueco their bearings when the battery dies.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — get

¿Por qué? 'Get your bearings' means to find out where you are. The other verbs do not form this expression.'Get your bearings' significa orientarse. Los otros verbos no forman esta expresión.

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Pregunta 4

'But it's worth hueco a few minutes to look around and work out where you are.'

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Respuesta correcta: B — taking

¿Por qué? We 'take a few minutes' to do something. 'Pass' time is possible, but not 'it's worth passing a few minutes to look around'.Se dice 'take a few minutes' (tomarse unos minutos) para hacer algo. 'Pass a few minutes' no encaja con 'to look around'.

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Pregunta 5

She encourages her students to walk across town without a screen, paying hueco attention to landmarks such as churches, rivers and unusual buildings.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B — close

¿Por qué? 'Pay close attention' is the usual collocation. 'Near', 'tight' and 'hard' do not go with 'attention'.La colocación habitual es 'pay close attention' (prestar mucha atención). 'Near', 'tight' y 'hard' no combinan con 'attention'.

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Pregunta 6

Students who hueco out on these walks feeling nervous usually come back delighted.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — set

¿Por qué? 'Set out' means to start a journey. 'Carry out' needs an object, and 'break out' and 'put out' have different meanings.'Set out' significa ponerse en camino. 'Carry out' necesita complemento, y 'break out' y 'put out' significan otra cosa.

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Pregunta 7

Many discover cafés and parks they had never hueco of, despite living nearby for years.

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Respuesta correcta: A — heard

¿Por qué? 'Hear of' something means to know that it exists. 'Notice', 'tell' and 'realise' are not followed by 'of' in this way.'Hear of' algo significa saber que existe. 'Notice', 'tell' y 'realise' no van seguidos de 'of' de esta manera.

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Pregunta 8

'When you're not staring at a screen,' Okafor says, 'you actually hueco the city rather than just passing through it.'

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C — experience

¿Por qué? You 'experience' a place when you really feel and notice it. You 'attend' an event, 'undergo' an operation and 'assist' a person.'Experience' un lugar es vivirlo de verdad. 'Attend' se usa con eventos, 'undergo' con operaciones y 'assist' con personas.

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Parte 2: texto con huecos abierto

Read the text. For each gap, choose the one word that fits (A, B, C or D). In the exam you write the word yourself.Lee el texto. Para cada hueco, elige la palabra que encaja (A, B, C o D). En el examen escribes tú la palabra.

Artículo The school that switched off its bell

When the head teacher of Linfield Academy announced that the school bell would be switched off for good, many parents assumed it was a joke. (1)hueco 1 the plan was perfectly serious. Instead of rushing from class to class at the sound of a loud ring, students are now trusted to keep track of time on (2)hueco 2 own.
Supporters of the idea argue that a bell treats teenagers as if they (3)hueco 3 factory workers. 'Out in the real world, nobody rings a bell to tell you a meeting has started,' says deputy head Martin Cole. 'Learning to be on time is a skill, and skills have to be practised.'
Not everyone was convinced at first. Some teachers worried that lessons would start late, (4)hueco 4 others feared the corridors would be chaotic. In fact, the opposite seems to have happened. Lateness has fallen by almost a third since the change, and the atmosphere is noticeably calmer. 'There's none of that panic (5)hueco 5 everyone floods out at once,' says Cole.
Students, for their part, seem to appreciate being given more responsibility. 'At first I kept checking the clock every few minutes,' admits sixteen-year-old Priya Lal. 'Now I hardly think about it. It's become a habit, (6)hueco 6 like brushing my teeth.' (7)hueco 7 the experiment continues to succeed, the school plans to share its experience with other schools in the area, (8)hueco 8 head teachers have already visited it.

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 9

When the head teacher of Linfield Academy announced that the school bell would be switched off for good, many parents assumed it was a joke. hueco the plan was perfectly serious.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B — But

¿Por qué? 'But' introduces a contrast with the previous sentence: parents thought it was a joke, but it was serious. 'Although' and 'Despite' would need another clause or a noun.'But' introduce un contraste con la frase anterior. 'Although' y 'Despite' necesitarían otra oración o un sustantivo.

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Pregunta 10

Instead of rushing from class to class at the sound of a loud ring, students are now trusted to keep track of time on hueco own.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — their

¿Por qué? 'On their own' refers back to 'students' (plural). 'His', 'its' and 'our' do not match.'On their own' se refiere a 'students' (plural). 'His', 'its' y 'our' no concuerdan.

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Pregunta 11

Supporters of the idea argue that a bell treats teenagers as if they hueco factory workers.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A — were

¿Por qué? After 'as if' we use a past form for something imaginary: 'as if they were factory workers'. The other forms are not possible here.Después de 'as if' se usa una forma del pasado para algo imaginario: 'as if they were'. Las otras formas no son posibles aquí.

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Pregunta 12

Some teachers worried that lessons would start late, hueco others feared the corridors would be chaotic.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C — while

¿Por qué? 'While' contrasts two groups: some teachers worried about one thing, while others feared another.'While' contrasta dos grupos: unos profesores temían una cosa, mientras que otros temían otra.

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Pregunta 13

'There's none of that panic hueco everyone floods out at once,' says Cole.

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Respuesta correcta: A — when

¿Por qué? 'When' introduces the moment of the panic: the panic when everyone floods out. 'Which' would need the panic to be the object of a verb.'When' introduce el momento del pánico: cuando todos salen a la vez. 'Which' necesitaría que 'panic' fuera complemento de un verbo.

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Pregunta 14

It's become a habit, hueco like brushing my teeth.'

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B — just

¿Por qué? 'Just like' means 'exactly like'. 'Such like', 'as like' and 'so like' are not correct.'Just like' significa 'exactamente como'. 'Such like', 'as like' y 'so like' no son correctos.

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Pregunta 15

It's become a habit, (…) like brushing my teeth.' hueco the experiment continues to succeed, the school plans to share its experience with other schools in the area, several of (…) head teachers have already visited.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — If

¿Por qué? 'If' gives the condition for sharing the experience. 'Unless' gives the opposite meaning, and 'Despite' cannot be followed by a clause.'If' expresa la condición para compartir la experiencia. 'Unless' da el sentido contrario y 'Despite' no puede ir seguido de una oración.

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Pregunta 16

(…) the school plans to share its experience with other schools in the area, hueco head teachers have already visited it.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C — whose

¿Por qué? 'Whose' shows possession: the head teachers of those schools. 'Which', 'who' and 'whom' cannot be followed directly by a noun such as 'head teachers'.'Whose' indica posesión: los directores de esos colegios. 'Which', 'who' y 'whom' no pueden ir seguidos directamente de un sustantivo como 'head teachers'.

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Parte 3: formación de palabras

Read the text. Choose the form of the word in capitals that fits each gap (A, B, C or D). In the exam you write the word yourself.Lee el texto. Elige la forma de la palabra en mayúsculas que encaja en cada hueco (A, B, C o D). En el examen escribes tú la palabra.

Artículo Farming on the rooftops

In the centre of Brackenford, the roof of a former car park has been turned into one of the region's most (1)hueco 1 (PRODUCE) farms. Every week, around two tonnes of vegetables are harvested here and sold to nearby restaurants.
The project was started by two friends, Hana Ruiz and Sam Doyle, who were frustrated by the (2)hueco 2 (AVAILABLE) of fresh, local food in the city. 'People assumed growing food on a roof was (3)hueco 3 (POSSIBLE),' says Ruiz. 'The wind, the weight of the soil, the lack of water: everyone had a reason why it wouldn't work.'
Solving those problems took time and a great deal of (4)hueco 4 (PATIENT). The pair spent months testing lightweight soils and designing a watering system that collects rain from the roof itself. Their (5)hueco 5 (PERSIST) has paid off: the farm now employs eleven people and runs workshops for local schools.
For Doyle, the biggest (6)hueco 6 (ACHIEVE) is not the size of the harvest but the change in how residents think about food. 'Children come up here and pull a carrot out of the ground for the first time. Their (7)hueco 7 (EXCITE) is wonderful to see.'
The farm is not without its critics, who point out that it remains (8)hueco 8 (RELY) on volunteers at busy times of year. Ruiz accepts the point but insists the model can be copied elsewhere.

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 17

In the centre of Brackenford, the roof of a former car park has been turned into one of the region's most hueco (PRODUCE) farms.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — productive

¿Por qué? After 'most' and before 'farms' we need an adjective meaning 'producing a lot': 'productive'.Después de 'most' y delante de 'farms' hace falta un adjetivo que signifique 'que produce mucho': 'productive'.

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Pregunta 18

The project was started by two friends, Hana Ruiz and Sam Doyle, who were frustrated by the hueco (AVAILABLE) of fresh, local food in the city.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A — unavailability

¿Por qué? After 'the' we need a noun, and 'frustrated' shows the meaning is negative: they were frustrated that fresh food was not available.Después de 'the' hace falta un sustantivo, y 'frustrated' indica que el sentido es negativo: no había comida fresca disponible.

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Pregunta 19

'People assumed growing food on a roof was hueco (POSSIBLE),' says Ruiz.

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Respuesta correcta: C — impossible

¿Por qué? After 'was' we need an adjective, and the next sentence lists reasons why it 'wouldn't work', so the meaning is negative: 'impossible'.Después de 'was' hace falta un adjetivo, y la frase siguiente da razones por las que 'no funcionaría': 'impossible'.

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Pregunta 20

Solving those problems took time and a great deal of hueco (PATIENT).

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Respuesta correcta: B — patience

¿Por qué? 'A great deal of' is followed by an uncountable noun: 'patience'. 'Patients' are people in hospital.'A great deal of' va seguido de un sustantivo incontable: 'patience'. 'Patients' son pacientes de un hospital.

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Pregunta 21

Their hueco (PERSIST) has paid off: the farm now employs eleven people and runs workshops for local schools.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: C — persistence

¿Por qué? After 'Their' we need a noun as the subject of 'has paid off': 'persistence'.Después de 'Their' hace falta un sustantivo como sujeto de 'has paid off': 'persistence'.

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Pregunta 22

For Doyle, the biggest hueco (ACHIEVE) is not the size of the harvest but the change in how residents think about food.

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Respuesta correcta: D — achievement

¿Por qué? 'The biggest ___ is not the size of the harvest' needs a noun for a thing, not a person: 'achievement'. An 'achiever' is a person.Hace falta un sustantivo que designe una cosa, no una persona: 'achievement'. Un 'achiever' es una persona.

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Pregunta 23

Their hueco (EXCITE) is wonderful to see.'

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Respuesta correcta: A — excitement

¿Por qué? After 'Their' we need a noun: 'excitement'. 'Exciting' and 'excited' are adjectives, and 'excitedly' is an adverb.Después de 'Their' hace falta un sustantivo: 'excitement'. 'Exciting' y 'excited' son adjetivos y 'excitedly' es un adverbio.

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Pregunta 24

The farm is not without its critics, who point out that it remains hueco (RELY) on volunteers at busy times of year.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: B — reliant

¿Por qué? 'Remain reliant on' means 'still depend on'. 'Reliable' means 'can be trusted' and is not followed by 'on' here.'Remain reliant on' significa 'seguir dependiendo de'. 'Reliable' significa 'fiable' y no va seguido de 'on' en este sentido.

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Parte 4: transformación con palabra clave

Choose the words that complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first and uses the key word (A, B, C or D). In the exam you write two to five words yourself, including the key word.Elige las palabras que completan la segunda frase para que signifique lo mismo que la primera y use la palabra clave (A, B, C o D). En el examen escribes tú de dos a cinco palabras, incluida la palabra clave.

Pregunta 25

I'm sure Lena didn't forget about the meeting. Key word: CAN'T Lena hueco about the meeting.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A — can't have forgotten

¿Por qué? For a confident negative deduction about the past we use 'can't have' + past participle: 'can't have forgotten'.Para una deducción negativa segura sobre el pasado se usa 'can't have' + participio: 'can't have forgotten'.

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Pregunta 26

'Why don't we take the train?' said Marco. Key word: SUGGESTED Marco hueco the train.

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Respuesta correcta: C — suggested taking

¿Por qué? 'Suggest' is followed by the -ing form (or 'that' + subject + verb), never by 'to' + infinitive: 'suggested taking'.'Suggest' va seguido de -ing (o de 'that' + sujeto + verbo), nunca de 'to' + infinitivo: 'suggested taking'.

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Pregunta 27

It's ages since I last went to the cinema. Key word: BEEN I hueco to the cinema for ages.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: D — haven't been

¿Por qué? 'For ages' needs the present perfect, and 'been to' means 'visited': 'I haven't been to the cinema for ages'.'For ages' exige el present perfect, y 'been to' significa 'ir a / visitar': 'I haven't been to the cinema for ages'.

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Pregunta 28

The concert was cancelled because of the storm. Key word: CALLED The storm meant that the concert hueco.

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Respuesta correcta: B — was called off

¿Por qué? 'Call off' means 'cancel', and the concert did not cancel itself, so we need the passive: 'was called off'.'Call off' significa 'cancelar', y el concierto no se canceló a sí mismo, así que hace falta la pasiva: 'was called off'.

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Pregunta 29

Nobody in the class is taller than Amir. Key word: TALLEST Amir hueco in the class.

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Respuesta correcta: D — is the tallest

¿Por qué? The superlative of 'tall' is 'the tallest'. We do not add 'more' or 'most' to it, and 'than' goes with comparatives.El superlativo de 'tall' es 'the tallest'. No se añade 'more' ni 'most', y 'than' se usa con comparativos.

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Pregunta 30

I regret not studying harder for my exams. Key word: WISH I hueco harder for my exams.

Ver respuesta

Respuesta correcta: A — wish I had studied

¿Por qué? To express regret about the past we use 'wish' + past perfect: 'I wish I had studied'. 'I wish I studied' is about the present.Para lamentar algo del pasado se usa 'wish' + past perfect: 'I wish I had studied'. 'I wish I studied' se refiere al presente.

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Parte 5: opción múltiple

Read the text. For each question, choose the best answer (A, B, C or D).Lee el texto. En cada pregunta, elige la respuesta correcta (A, B, C o D).

Fragmento de novela The replacement

The phone call came at seven in the morning, which in itself should have told me something was wrong. Nobody from the Halden Chamber Orchestra had ever phoned me before; I was the person they emailed, politely, when they needed someone to hand out programmes.
'It's Clara Weiss,' said the voice, as if I might not know who conducted the orchestra I had been trying to join for three years. 'Our second violinist has broken her wrist. Falling off a bicycle, of all things. I'm told you know the Brennan symphony.'
I did know it, in the way you know a city you have only seen on a map. I had played the second violin part alone in my bedroom perhaps a dozen times, mostly to annoy my neighbour, who had once complained about my scales. I had never played it with forty other people, and certainly not in front of an audience.
'I know it,' I said.
'Good. Rehearsal at ten. Concert at eight.' She rang off before I could change my mind.
I spent the bus journey with the music on my knees, fingers tapping out the difficult passages on my leg. The woman next to me moved seats after ten minutes, which I could hardly blame her for.
The rehearsal hall was colder than I remembered. The players were already tuning, and as I walked in, the noise faded a little, the way it does when someone unexpected enters a room. A tall man with grey hair, who I later learnt was called Owen and had played in the orchestra since before I was born, pointed his bow at the empty chair beside him. 'You're with me,' he said. It wasn't clear whether this was a welcome or a warning.
The first hour was a disaster. I came in early twice, and in the slow movement I lost my place so completely that I simply stopped and pretended to adjust my music. Clara said nothing. She didn't need to. Her silence filled the hall more effectively than any criticism could have.
It was Owen who rescued me, though not in the way I expected. During the break, instead of offering advice, he told me about his own first concert with the orchestra, forty years earlier, when he had dropped his bow during the final chord. 'It rolled right to the front of the stage,' he said. 'The conductor picked it up and handed it back to me without a word. I wanted to disappear.' He laughed. 'Nobody remembers. Except me, obviously.'
I don't know why that helped, but it did. In the second half of the rehearsal I stopped trying to play every note perfectly and started listening instead: to Owen beside me, to the cellos behind, to the way the music breathed. I still made mistakes, but they were small ones, and I recovered from them.
That evening, the hall was full. I remember very little of the concert itself, apart from a moment near the end of the slow movement, the very passage where I had stopped that morning, when I realised I was no longer counting. My hands seemed to know what to do without asking me.
Afterwards, Clara walked past me in the corridor. She paused, nodded once, and said, 'Thursday. Same time.' It took me until I was halfway home to understand that she was inviting me back.

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 31

What do we learn about the narrator's relationship with the orchestra before the phone call?

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Respuesta correcta: C — They had only contacted the narrator to help with small jobs.

¿Por qué? The orchestra only emailed the narrator when they needed someone to hand out programmes. The narrator was still trying to join, so B is wrong.La orquesta solo escribía al narrador cuando necesitaba a alguien para repartir programas. Seguía intentando entrar, así que B es incorrecta.

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Pregunta 32

What does the narrator mean by 'in the way you know a city you have only seen on a map'?

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Respuesta correcta: B — The narrator knew the music but had no real experience of performing it.

¿Por qué? Like a city seen only on a map, the music was familiar on paper: the narrator had practised it alone but never played it with an orchestra or an audience.Como una ciudad vista solo en un mapa, la música le era conocida 'sobre el papel': la había practicado a solas, pero nunca con una orquesta ni ante el público.

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Pregunta 33

When the narrator entered the rehearsal hall, Owen's words

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Respuesta correcta: A — left the narrator unsure how he felt about the new arrival.

¿Por qué? The narrator could not tell whether 'You're with me' was a welcome or a warning, so Owen's attitude was unclear.El narrador no sabía si 'You're with me' era una bienvenida o una advertencia, así que la actitud de Owen no estaba clara.

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Pregunta 34

How did Clara react to the narrator's mistakes in the first hour?

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Respuesta correcta: D — Her lack of comment made her disapproval obvious.

¿Por qué? Clara said nothing, but her silence communicated more than criticism would have. Owen helped on his own initiative.Clara no dijo nada, pero su silencio decía más que cualquier crítica. Owen ayudó por iniciativa propia.

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Pregunta 35

What effect did Owen's story have on the narrator?

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Respuesta correcta: B — It helped the narrator relax and concentrate on listening rather than perfection.

¿Por qué? After the story, the narrator stopped trying to be perfect and listened to the other players instead, and the mistakes became small.Después de la historia, el narrador dejó de buscar la perfección y empezó a escuchar a los demás músicos, y los errores fueron pequeños.

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Pregunta 36

What does the final paragraph show?

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Respuesta correcta: C — Clara showed her approval in a very brief way.

¿Por qué? Clara's nod and two words were an invitation to come back, so she approved. The narrator only understood this halfway home, so B is wrong.El gesto de Clara y sus dos palabras eran una invitación a volver, así que aprobaba la actuación. El narrador solo lo entendió a mitad de camino a casa, así que B es incorrecta.

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Parte 6: texto con frases eliminadas

Six sentences have been removed from the text. Choose the sentence (A–G) that fits each gap. There is one extra sentence you do not need.Se han quitado seis frases del texto. Elige la frase (A–G) que encaja en cada hueco. Sobra una frase.

Artículo de revista The path finders

For most of the last century, the narrow footpath that once linked the villages of Ashcombe and Little Brindle had been invisible. Brambles covered it, fences cut across it, and few people under the age of seventy knew it had ever existed. (1)hueco 1 Today, thanks to a group of volunteers armed with old maps and garden shears, it is walked by hundreds of people every month.
The group, which calls itself the Lost Ways Society, was founded six years ago by retired surveyor Graham Pike. He had been studying a nineteenth-century map of the area when he noticed a dotted line that didn't appear on any modern one. (2)hueco 2 'I followed it for about a mile,' he recalls, 'and then it simply vanished into a farmer's field.' Pike, who spent forty years drawing maps for building projects, admits that the discovery quickly became something of an obsession.
That discovery led to months of research in local archives. Pike learnt that hundreds of paths in the county had fallen out of use as people stopped walking between villages and began to drive instead. (3)hueco 3 In many cases, the legal right to walk them still exists; it is simply that nobody has used it for decades.
Bringing a path back to life is rarely straightforward. The society must first prove that the route was used by the public in the past, which can mean months of searching through parish records and old newspapers. (4)hueco 4 Most, Pike says, are surprisingly supportive once they understand what the society is trying to do. 'Some of them walked the paths themselves as children,' he says. Others need more persuading, and in a handful of cases the society has agreed to a slightly different route around a farmyard or a private garden.
Only then does the physical work begin. Volunteers, many of them retired, others students or young parents, meet every Saturday morning to clear undergrowth, repair stiles and put up signs. (5)hueco 5 'It's hard work,' admits Megan Adeyemi, who joined two years ago, 'but there's nothing like seeing families use a path you've helped to rescue.' Adeyemi, a nurse who often works night shifts, says the Saturday sessions have become the highlight of her week.
The society has now reopened more than forty kilometres of footpaths, and its success has inspired similar groups in neighbouring counties. Walking groups, schools and even a local running club now use the Ashcombe path regularly. Pike, however, is keen to stress that the real goal is not simply to restore old routes. (6)hueco 6 'A path that nobody walks will disappear again within a few years,' he says. 'In the end, the best way to protect these paths is to use them.'

Opciones:

  • A The next step is to contact the landowners whose fields the path crosses.
  • B Curious, he put on his boots and went looking for it.
  • C Yet it had been a busy route for centuries, used by farm workers, children walking to school and families on their way to market.
  • D Once forgotten, they were gradually swallowed up by hedges and new building.
  • E Some tasks, such as building small wooden bridges over streams, can take several weekends.
  • F He wants people to get back into the habit of walking from place to place.
  • G The farmer, he says, was furious to find strangers crossing his land.

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 37

Brambles covered it, fences cut across it, and few people under the age of seventy knew it had ever existed. hueco Today, thanks to a group of volunteers armed with old maps and garden shears, it is walked by hundreds of people every month.

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Respuesta correcta: B — Yet it had been a busy route for centuries, used by farm workers, children walking to school and families on their way to market.

¿Por qué? C contrasts the path's invisibility with its busy past ('Yet'), and 'Today' in the next sentence continues the timeline from past to present.C contrasta el abandono del camino con su pasado concurrido ('Yet'), y 'Today' en la frase siguiente continúa la línea temporal.

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Pregunta 38

He had been studying a nineteenth-century map of the area when he noticed a dotted line that didn't appear on any modern one. hueco 'I followed it for about a mile,' he recalls, 'and then it simply vanished into a farmer's field.' Pike, who spent forty years drawing maps for building projects, admits that the discovery quickly became something of an obsession.

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Respuesta correcta: D — Curious, he put on his boots and went looking for it.

¿Por qué? Pike noticed a dotted line on the old map; B says he went looking for 'it', and the next sentence begins 'I followed it'.Pike vio una línea en el mapa antiguo; B dice que fue a buscarla ('it'), y la frase siguiente empieza con 'I followed it'.

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Pregunta 39

Pike learnt that hundreds of paths in the county had fallen out of use as people stopped walking between villages and began to drive instead. hueco In many cases, the legal right to walk them still exists; it is simply that nobody has used it for decades.

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Respuesta correcta: A — Once forgotten, they were gradually swallowed up by hedges and new building.

¿Por qué? 'They' in D refers to the paths that fell out of use, and the next sentence ('In many cases, the legal right to walk them still exists') continues to describe them.'They' en D se refiere a los caminos abandonados, y la frase siguiente sigue hablando de ellos.

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Pregunta 40

The society must first prove that the route was used by the public in the past, which can mean months of searching through parish records and old newspapers. hueco Most, Pike says, are surprisingly supportive once they understand what the society is trying to do.

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Respuesta correcta: C — The next step is to contact the landowners whose fields the path crosses.

¿Por qué? A follows 'must first prove' with 'The next step', and 'Most' in the next sentence refers to the landowners. G does not fit because the landowners are described as supportive.A continúa 'must first prove' con 'The next step', y 'Most' en la frase siguiente se refiere a los propietarios. G no encaja porque se dice que apoyan el proyecto.

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Pregunta 41

Volunteers, many of them retired, others students or young parents, meet every Saturday morning to clear undergrowth, repair stiles and put up signs. hueco 'It's hard work,' admits Megan Adeyemi, who joined two years ago, 'but there's nothing like seeing families use a path you've helped to rescue.' Adeyemi, a nurse who often works night shifts, says the Saturday sessions have become the highlight of her week.

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Respuesta correcta: A — Some tasks, such as building small wooden bridges over streams, can take several weekends.

¿Por qué? E gives an example of the Saturday work just described, and Megan's comment 'It's hard work' follows naturally.E da un ejemplo del trabajo de los sábados que se acaba de describir, y el comentario de Megan 'It's hard work' sigue con naturalidad.

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Pregunta 42

Pike, however, is keen to stress that the real goal is not simply to restore old routes. hueco 'A path that nobody walks will disappear again within a few years,' he says.

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Respuesta correcta: D — He wants people to get back into the habit of walking from place to place.

¿Por qué? After 'the real goal is not simply to restore old routes', F gives the real goal, and the quote about using the paths supports it.Después de 'el objetivo real no es solo recuperar caminos', F explica cuál es el objetivo, y la cita sobre usar los caminos lo confirma.

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Parte 7: relacionar

Read the five texts (A–E). For each question, choose the person. You can choose each person more than once.Lee los cinco textos (A–E). En cada pregunta, elige a la persona. Puedes elegir a cada persona más de una vez.

Artículo de revista Young, local and self-employed

Five young people from the town of Wexley talk about starting their own businesses.

  • A
    Lucía Montes, mobile bike repairs
    The idea came to me one Monday morning when my chain snapped halfway to work. The nearest repair shop didn't open until ten, and by the time I'd pushed the bike there, I'd missed an important meeting. I thought: why can't the mechanic come to you? Now I drive a van full of tools to office car parks, and people book a slot online and collect their bike, fixed, at the end of the day. Last year a larger company offered to buy the idea and open vans in a dozen cities, with me in charge. I said no. I'd spend my days managing people and spreadsheets instead of fixing bikes, which is the part I actually love.
  • B
    Daniel Frost, handmade notebooks
    I make notebooks by hand from paper that offices would otherwise throw away, and every cover is different. Everyone told me the key to selling would be social media, so I spent hours taking photos and writing posts. It made almost no difference. What really worked was standing behind a table at craft fairs, letting people pick the notebooks up and feel the paper. Most of my regular customers found me that way, or because a friend showed them one. I still work three days a week at a printing company, partly for the money and partly because that's where I get a lot of my paper. One day I'd like to do this full-time, but I'm in no hurry.
  • C
    Aisha Karim, board-game café
    My dad had paid for me to study law, so when I told him I wanted to open a café full of board games, he didn't speak to me for a week. He's my biggest fan now and comes in every Sunday to beat teenagers at chess. When we first opened, we charged everyone five pounds at the door to play for as long as they liked. It seemed fair to me, but customers hated paying before they'd even sat down, and a lot of people turned around and left. After two months we dropped the fee completely and started making our money from food and drinks instead. It was the best decision we've made.
  • D
    Tom Weller, dog-walking app
    I started out walking neighbours' dogs while I was at university, and it grew from there. My big mistake came when I decided to turn it into an app. I spent every penny of my savings, and borrowed from my brother too, paying developers to build something beautiful before I'd checked whether anyone would actually download it. Hardly anyone did, at first. What saved me was Frank, a retired neighbour who'd run a removals firm for thirty years. He sat me down with a cup of tea and asked me questions I'd never thought about. I still go to him before every big decision, and I nearly always do what he says.
  • E
    Mei Hart, bread delivered by bike
    I bake bread overnight in a rented kitchen and deliver it by cargo bike before most people are awake. The hardest thing is the weather, which I can never plan for. A sudden storm can mean a whole round of soggy loaves, and in icy weather I've had to cancel deliveries altogether, which has cost me customers. But I wouldn't swap it. After two years, I know most of my customers by name. There's an elderly man on Mill Street who waits at his window every Thursday, and we always have a quick chat about his garden. Those little conversations are honestly the best part of my job.

Texto de práctica inventado

Pregunta 43

Which person says a parent was strongly against the plan at first?

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Respuesta correcta: C — C – Aisha Karim

¿Por qué? Aisha's father had paid for her law studies and did not speak to her for a week. Tom borrowed from his brother, but nobody in his family objected.El padre de Aisha le había pagado la carrera de Derecho y no le habló durante una semana. Tom pidió dinero a su hermano, pero nadie de su familia se opuso.

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Pregunta 44

Which person got the idea for the business from a frustrating personal experience?

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Respuesta correcta: A — A – Lucía Montes

¿Por qué? Lucía's chain broke, the shop was closed and she missed a meeting; that gave her the idea.A Lucía se le rompió la cadena, el taller estaba cerrado y perdió una reunión; de ahí surgió la idea.

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Pregunta 45

Which person admits spending a lot of money before testing the idea?

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Respuesta correcta: D — D – Tom Weller

¿Por qué? Tom spent all his savings on the app before checking whether anyone wanted it.Tom gastó todos sus ahorros en la aplicación antes de comprobar si alguien la quería.

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Pregunta 46

Which person says that conditions outside their control have lost them business?

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Respuesta correcta: D — E – Mei Hart

¿Por qué? Mei cannot plan for the weather, and cancelled deliveries have cost her customers. Aisha lost customers too, but because of a fee she chose herself.Mei no puede prever el tiempo, y las entregas canceladas le han hecho perder clientes. Aisha también perdió clientes, pero por una tarifa que decidió ella.

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Pregunta 47

Which person found that a popular way of promoting the business did not work?

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Respuesta correcta: B — B – Daniel Frost

¿Por qué? Daniel was told social media was the key, but it made almost no difference; craft fairs and recommendations worked instead.A Daniel le dijeron que las redes sociales eran la clave, pero apenas sirvieron; funcionaron las ferias de artesanía y las recomendaciones.

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Pregunta 48

Which person turned down an opportunity to make the business much bigger?

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Respuesta correcta: A — A – Lucía Montes

¿Por qué? A larger company offered to open vans in a dozen cities, but Lucía refused because she wants to keep fixing bikes.Una empresa más grande le ofreció abrir furgonetas en una docena de ciudades, pero Lucía lo rechazó porque quiere seguir reparando bicicletas.

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Pregunta 49

Which person regularly asks an experienced person for advice?

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Respuesta correcta: D — D – Tom Weller

¿Por qué? Tom asks Frank, a retired businessman, for advice before every big decision.Tom pide consejo a Frank, un empresario jubilado, antes de cada decisión importante.

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Pregunta 50

Which person changed the way they charge customers?

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Respuesta correcta: C — C – Aisha Karim

¿Por qué? Aisha's café stopped charging an entry fee and now earns money from food and drinks.La cafetería de Aisha dejó de cobrar entrada y ahora gana dinero con la comida y la bebida.

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Pregunta 51

Which person says that chatting with customers is what they enjoy most?

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Respuesta correcta: D — E – Mei Hart

¿Por qué? Mei says her little conversations with customers, such as the man on Mill Street, are the best part of her job.Mei dice que las pequeñas charlas con sus clientes, como el señor de Mill Street, son lo mejor de su trabajo.

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Pregunta 52

Which person combines the business with another paid job?

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Respuesta correcta: B — B – Daniel Frost

¿Por qué? Daniel still works three days a week at a printing company. Tom walked dogs while at university, which was not another job.Daniel sigue trabajando tres días a la semana en una imprenta. Tom paseaba perros mientras estudiaba, pero eso no era otro empleo.

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