Life in the UK test practice questions

300 practice questions for the Life in the UK test, written by FreeExamPath from official public sources, with every answer explained. Choose a chapter, pick an answer and check yourself straight away.

About these questions

These are FreeExamPath's own questions on the topics of the official handbook, Life in the United Kingdom: A Guide for New Residents, written from official public sources. They are not official test questions, and FreeExamPath is not affiliated with the Home Office. The real test is based only on the handbook. The official handbook

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The values and principles of the UK

Multiple choice

Which of these is one of the fundamental British values?

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Correct answer: C — Individual liberty

Why? The fundamental British values are democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, and mutual respect and tolerance of people with different faiths and beliefs.Source

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True or false

Respect and tolerance towards people of other faiths and beliefs is one of the fundamental British values.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Alongside democracy, the rule of law and individual liberty, mutual respect and tolerance of different faiths and beliefs is a fundamental British value.Source

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Multiple choice

Under the Human Rights Act 1998, everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and what?

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Correct answer: A — Religion

Why? The Human Rights Act 1998 protects everyone's freedom of thought, conscience and religion, including the freedom to change religion or belief.Source

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Multiple choice

In the citizenship pledge, a new citizen promises to observe the UK's laws faithfully and to uphold its what?

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Correct answer: B — Democratic values

Why? In the pledge, new citizens promise loyalty to the UK, respect for its rights and freedoms, to uphold its democratic values and to observe its laws.Source

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Multiple choice

At a citizenship ceremony, what can someone make instead of the oath if they prefer not to swear by God?

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Correct answer: D — An affirmation

Why? New citizens make an oath of allegiance, or an affirmation if they prefer not to swear by God, and then a pledge.Source

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True or false

In the oath of allegiance at a citizenship ceremony, new citizens promise to be faithful to the Prime Minister.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The oath is a promise to be faithful and bear true allegiance to the monarch, the monarch's heirs and successors, not to any politician.Source

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Multiple choice

How many questions are there in the Life in the UK test?

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Correct answer: A — 24

Why? Candidates have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions about British traditions and customs.Source

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Multiple choice

What score do you need to pass the Life in the UK test?

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Correct answer: B — 75% or more

Why? You must score 75% or more to pass, which means at least 18 of the 24 questions correct.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these is a 'protected characteristic' under UK equality law?

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Correct answer: D — Sexual orientation

Why? It is against the law to discriminate against someone because of a protected characteristic, such as sexual orientation, age, disability, race, religion or belief, or sex.Source

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Multiple choice

Which law sets out the 'protected characteristics' that are covered by anti-discrimination rules in Great Britain?

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Correct answer: C — Equality Act 2010

Why? The Equality Act 2010 lists the protected characteristics and makes discrimination because of them unlawful in areas such as work, education and public services.Source

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Multiple choice

Which two values are both fundamental British values?

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Correct answer: D — Democracy and the rule of law

Why? The fundamental British values are democracy, the rule of law, individual liberty, and mutual respect and tolerance of different faiths and beliefs.Source

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True or false

The Human Rights Act 1998 protects people from being held in slavery or made to do forced labour.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The rights set out in the Human Rights Act 1998 include the prohibition of slavery and forced labour: no one may be held in slavery or servitude.Source

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Multiple choice

Which right does the Human Rights Act 1998 protect?

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Correct answer: A — The right to a fair trial

Why? The Human Rights Act 1998 protects the right to a fair trial, including a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal.Source

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Multiple choice

The freedom to hold opinions and to share information and ideas is protected as which right?

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Correct answer: B — Freedom of expression

Why? Under the Human Rights Act 1998, everyone has the right to freedom of expression, which includes holding opinions and receiving and passing on information and ideas.Source

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Multiple choice

Under the Human Rights Act 1998, which of these is prohibited in all circumstances?

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Correct answer: C — Torture

Why? The Human Rights Act 1998 includes the prohibition of torture: no one may be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.Source

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Multiple choice

At the end of a citizenship ceremony, what are new citizens presented with?

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Correct answer: C — A certificate of British citizenship

Why? At the end of the citizenship ceremony, new citizens are presented with their certificate of British citizenship.Source

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Multiple choice

Who needs to attend a citizenship ceremony?

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Correct answer: D — Successful applicants aged 18 or over

Why? You need to attend a citizenship ceremony if you are 18 or over and your application to become a British citizen has succeeded.Source

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Multiple choice

You may need to pass the Life in the UK test as part of which kind of application?

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Correct answer: B — British citizenship or settlement

Why? You may need to take the Life in the UK test as part of an application for British citizenship or for settlement in the UK.Source

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True or false

Applicants aged 65 or over must still pass the Life in the UK test.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. You do not need to take the test if you are under 18 or aged 65 or over.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these is one of the protected characteristics listed in the Equality Act 2010?

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Correct answer: A — Pregnancy and maternity

Why? Pregnancy and maternity is one of the protected characteristics in the Equality Act 2010, so discriminating against someone for being pregnant or on maternity leave is against the law.Source

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What is the UK?

Multiple choice

Which list correctly names the four parts of the United Kingdom?

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Correct answer: B — England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

Why? The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland; the Republic of Ireland is a separate country.Source

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True or false

'Great Britain' and 'the United Kingdom' are two names for exactly the same area.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Great Britain is England, Scotland and Wales only, while the United Kingdom also includes Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these islands is a Crown dependency and not part of the UK?

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Correct answer: C — The Isle of Man

Why? The Crown dependencies are Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man; they belong to the Crown but are not part of the UK.Source

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True or false

The Crown dependencies have their own elected law-making assemblies and do not send MPs to the UK Parliament.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man govern themselves through their own elected assemblies, courts and legal systems.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these is a British overseas territory?

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Correct answer: A — The Falkland Islands

Why? The Falkland Islands, in the South Atlantic, are one of the British overseas territories listed in the British Nationality Act 1981.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the capital city of Northern Ireland?

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Correct answer: D — Belfast

Why? Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland, while Dublin is the capital of the separate Republic of Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

Which city is the capital of Wales?

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Correct answer: D — Cardiff

Why? Cardiff became a city in 1905 and was made the official capital of Wales in 1955.Source

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Multiple choice

Which saint's cross was added to the Union Flag in 1801, giving the flag its present design?

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Correct answer: B — St Patrick

Why? The first Union Flag of 1606 combined the flags of England and Scotland, and after the union with Ireland in 1801 the Cross of St Patrick was added to create the present design.Source

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Multiple choice

On which date is St David's Day, the day of the patron saint of Wales?

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Correct answer: A — 1 March

Why? St David's Day, Wales's national day, falls on 1 March each year.Source

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Multiple choice

Which patron saint's day is celebrated on 30 November?

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Correct answer: C — St Andrew

Why? 30 November is St Andrew's Day, the day of Scotland's patron saint.Source

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True or false

St George's Day, the day of England's patron saint, is on 23 April.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. St George is the patron saint of England, and his day is 23 April.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Celtic language is recognised in law as an official language of Scotland?

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Correct answer: B — Gaelic

Why? Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a Celtic language, and the Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005 set out to secure its status as an official language of Scotland. The Scottish Languages Act 2025 recognised it as official throughout Scotland.Source

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Multiple choice

Where does the Welsh language have official status in law?

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Correct answer: A — In Wales

Why? The Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011 states that the Welsh language has official status in Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

In which two parts of the UK do some banks issue their own banknotes?

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Correct answer: D — Scotland and Northern Ireland

Why? Certain banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland have permission to issue their own banknotes, and no other banks may start issuing notes there.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of the four nations of the UK has by far the largest population?

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Correct answer: C — England

Why? Most people in the UK live in England, which has several times as many people as Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland put together.Source

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Multiple choice

Which city is the capital of Scotland?

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Correct answer: A — Edinburgh

Why? Edinburgh is Scotland's capital city, with Edinburgh Castle standing above it.Source

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Multiple choice

In which part of Edinburgh does the Scottish Parliament sit?

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Correct answer: D — Holyrood

Why? The Scottish Parliament's home is at Holyrood in Edinburgh.Source

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Multiple choice

Where is Parliament Buildings, the home of the Northern Ireland Assembly?

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Correct answer: C — On the Stormont Estate in Belfast

Why? Parliament Buildings, the home of the Northern Ireland Assembly, stands on the Stormont Estate in Belfast.Source

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Multiple choice

Which two islands, with their smaller neighbours, make up the Channel Islands?

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Correct answer: B — Jersey and Guernsey

Why? Jersey and Guernsey, with the islands associated with them, form the Channel Islands; like the Isle of Man they are Crown dependencies.Source

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Multiple choice

Who is responsible for the defence and international relations of the Crown dependencies?

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Correct answer: D — The UK Government

Why? Although the Crown dependencies govern themselves, the UK Government is responsible for their defence and international relations.Source

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True or false

The monarch is head of state of the Crown dependencies, such as Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Crown dependencies are direct possessions of the Crown, with the monarch as their head of state, even though they are not part of the UK.Source

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Multiple choice

Gibraltar has which status in relation to the UK?

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Correct answer: A — A British overseas territory

Why? Gibraltar is one of the British overseas territories listed in the British Nationality Act 1981, alongside places such as Bermuda and the Falkland Islands.Source

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True or false

St Helena is a Crown dependency, like Jersey.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. St Helena is a British overseas territory; the only Crown dependencies are Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man.Source

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Multiple choice

The first Union Flag, created in 1606, combined the flags of which two countries?

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Correct answer: C — England and Scotland

Why? The first Union Flag was created in 1606, after James VI of Scotland became James I of England, and combined the flags of England and Scotland.Source

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Multiple choice

On which date is St Patrick's Day?

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Correct answer: B — 17 March

Why? St Patrick's Day falls on 17 March and is one of the days when the Union Flag is flown in Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

In which part of the UK is the Irish language (Gaeilge) found?

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Correct answer: C — Northern Ireland

Why? Irish, or Irish Gaelic, is found in Northern Ireland and is closely related to Scottish Gaelic.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these languages used in the UK is a Germanic language rather than a Celtic one?

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Correct answer: D — Scots

Why? Scots, spoken in Scotland and (as Ulster Scots) in Northern Ireland, is a Germanic language, unlike the Celtic language Gaelic.Source

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Multiple choice

To which family of languages does Welsh belong?

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Correct answer: A — Celtic

Why? Welsh (Cymraeg) is a Celtic language, in the same branch as Breton and Cornish.Source

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True or false

Cornish is a Germanic language, closely related to English.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Cornish is a Celtic language from Cornwall that has been revived in recent decades.Source

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Multiple choice

Which language is used throughout the whole UK?

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Correct answer: B — English

Why? English is the only language relevant to the UK as a whole; Gaelic, Welsh, Cornish, Scots and Irish are each linked to particular parts of it.Source

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A long and illustrious history

Multiple choice

Stonehenge, the prehistoric stone circle, stands in which English county?

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Correct answer: D — Wiltshire

Why? Stonehenge stands near Amesbury in Wiltshire and is a World Heritage Site.Source

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Multiple choice

Skara Brae, a Stone Age village uncovered by a storm in 1850, is on which Scottish islands?

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Correct answer: C — Orkney

Why? Skara Brae is a Neolithic village in Orkney, part of the Heart of Neolithic Orkney World Heritage Site.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did the Roman emperor Claudius launch his invasion of Britain?

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Correct answer: B — AD 43

Why? Claudius invaded in AD 43, and over the following decades the Roman army took control of much of what is now England and Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

Hadrian's Wall runs from coast to coast across which part of Britain?

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Correct answer: A — Northern England

Why? Hadrian's Wall crosses northern England (Northumberland, Cumbria and Tyne and Wear) and guarded the north-west frontier of the Roman Empire.Source

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Multiple choice

The Antonine Wall, a Roman frontier in central Scotland, ran between which two waters?

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Correct answer: C — The Forth and the Clyde

Why? The Antonine Wall, built on the orders of Emperor Antoninus Pius, ran across central Scotland from the Firth of Forth to the River Clyde.Source

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True or false

After Roman rule ended in the early 5th century, Angles, Saxons and Jutes from continental Europe began to settle in Britain.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Roman rule ended in the early 5th century, and Germanic peoples (the Angles, Saxons and Jutes) then settled, first in the south and east.Source

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Multiple choice

Alfred the Great, who defeated a Viking army in 878, was king of which Anglo-Saxon kingdom?

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Correct answer: D — Wessex

Why? King Alfred of Wessex beat the Viking army at Edington in 878, when the other English kingdoms had already fallen.Source

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Multiple choice

In the 9th century, Kenneth MacAlpin became king over which two peoples?

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Correct answer: B — The Picts and the Scots

Why? In the 9th century Kenneth MacAlpin became king of the Picts as well as of the Scots.Source

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Multiple choice

The Norman Conquest began when Duke William defeated King Harold's army near Hastings. When was that battle?

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Correct answer: A — 1066

Why? William of Normandy defeated King Harold's army at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066.Source

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True or false

The Bayeux Tapestry tells the story of the Roman invasion of Britain.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Bayeux Tapestry records the Norman victory of 1066 and was most probably made by English embroiderers.Source

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Multiple choice

William the Conqueror had a survey made of who held land in England and what it was worth. In which year was the Domesday survey carried out?

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Correct answer: A — 1086

Why? William ordered the survey at Christmas 1085 and it was carried out in 1086; the results form the Domesday Book.Source

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Multiple choice

Which king agreed to Magna Carta in 1215 under pressure from his barons?

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Correct answer: B — King John

Why? King John sealed Magna Carta in 1215; it set out the principle that the ruler is subject to the law.Source

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Multiple choice

By the later Middle Ages, Scotland's Parliament was made up of how many Estates?

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Correct answer: D — Three

Why? The old Scottish Parliament was known as the three Estates of clergy, nobility and burgesses; the burgesses attended from the mid 14th century.Source

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Multiple choice

Who led the Scots to victory over the English army at Bannockburn in 1314?

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Correct answer: C — Robert the Bruce

Why? At Bannockburn in June 1314, Robert the Bruce defeated a larger English army led by Edward II.Source

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True or false

The Declaration of Arbroath (1320) asked the Pope to recognise Scotland as an independent kingdom.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Declaration of Arbroath was a letter to the Pope asking him to recognise Scotland's independence and Robert the Bruce as its lawful king.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did the Black Death first strike England?

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Correct answer: B — 1348

Why? The Black Death struck England in 1348 and caused a severe shortage of labour afterwards.Source

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Multiple choice

Which English king won the Battle of Agincourt against the French in 1415?

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Correct answer: D — Henry V

Why? Henry V beat the French at Agincourt in 1415, a victory owed largely to the English longbow, during the Hundred Years War.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did Henry Tudor defeat and kill Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth?

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Correct answer: C — 1485

Why? Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at Bosworth in 1485, ending the Wars of the Roses and becoming Henry VII.Source

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Multiple choice

Henry VII's marriage to Elizabeth of York in 1486 united which two royal houses?

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Correct answer: A — Lancaster and York

Why? Henry VII married Elizabeth of York in January 1486, and the marriage united the Houses of Lancaster and York.Source

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Multiple choice

Why did Henry VIII break with the Pope and make himself head of the Church in England?

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Correct answer: C — The Pope would not allow his divorce

Why? When the Pope would not agree to end his first marriage, Henry declared in 1533 that he, not the Pope, was head of the Church in England.Source

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Multiple choice

How many times did Henry VIII marry?

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Correct answer: B — Six

Why? Henry VIII married six times; his sixth and last wife was Katherine Parr.Source

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True or false

Edward VI, Henry VIII's son, was a committed Protestant.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Edward VI was an enthusiastic Protestant, and Protestant reform of the Church grew stronger during his short reign.Source

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True or false

Mary I carried on the Protestant reforms begun under her brother Edward VI.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Mary I was a devout Catholic who set out to undo the Reformation and had many Protestants burned.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did Philip II of Spain send the Armada against Elizabeth I's England?

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Correct answer: D — 1588

Why? Philip II sent the Spanish Armada against England in 1588, and it was defeated by English seamanship, fireships and bad weather.Source

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Multiple choice

Mary, Queen of Scots was executed in England in 1587 on the orders of which monarch?

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Correct answer: A — Elizabeth I

Why? Mary, Queen of Scots was held in England for many years and executed in 1587 by order of her cousin Elizabeth I.Source

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Multiple choice

Which town was the playwright William Shakespeare's home town?

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Correct answer: D — Stratford-upon-Avon

Why? Shakespeare (1564-1616) came from Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, where he is also buried.Source

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Multiple choice

Which preacher is seen as the chief architect of the Protestant Reformation in Scotland in 1560?

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Correct answer: B — John Knox

Why? John Knox, who is linked to Haddington, became the architect of the Scottish Protestant Reformation in 1560.Source

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Multiple choice

When Elizabeth I died in 1603, which king of Scotland also became King of England?

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Correct answer: C — James VI

Why? James VI of Scotland, son of Mary, Queen of Scots, took the English throne as James I, so one king now ruled both kingdoms.Source

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True or false

The conspirators behind the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 wanted England to have a Catholic monarch again.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The plotters planned to kill King James I by blowing up Parliament and hoped to restore Catholic rule.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year was King Charles I executed after the civil wars?

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Correct answer: A — 1649

Why? Charles I was tried for treason and executed on 30 January 1649, after which England was ruled without a king.Source

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Multiple choice

What title did Oliver Cromwell take in 1653 as head of the Commonwealth?

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Correct answer: B — Lord Protector

Why? Cromwell, a leading commander on Parliament's side in the Civil War, became Lord Protector in December 1653 and ruled until his death in 1658.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year was the monarchy restored, with Charles II returning to London as king?

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Correct answer: D — 1660

Why? After Cromwell died in 1658, the way opened for Charles II, who rode into London on 29 May 1660.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did the Great Fire destroy much of the City of London?

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Correct answer: A — 1666

Why? The Great Fire of London happened in 1666, the year after the Great Plague of 1665, during the reign of Charles II.Source

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Multiple choice

The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 is remembered for protecting which right?

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Correct answer: C — Freedom from unlawful imprisonment

Why? Habeas corpus is a procedure that lets a court order a person's release from unlawful detention, and the 1679 Act was passed to better secure 'the liberty of the subject'.Source

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Multiple choice

After the Glorious Revolution, what did the Bill of Rights of 1689 confirm?

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Correct answer: B — Limits on the monarch's power

Why? After James II fled, William and Mary took the throne, and the Bill of Rights of 1689 confirmed limits on royal power and the growing importance of Parliament.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year were England and Scotland joined as one Kingdom of Great Britain?

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Correct answer: C — 1707

Why? The Act of Union united England and Scotland from 1 May 1707 as one Kingdom of Great Britain, with one Parliament of Great Britain.Source

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Multiple choice

Who is usually regarded as Britain's first Prime Minister?

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Correct answer: D — Sir Robert Walpole

Why? Sir Robert Walpole led the government as First Lord of the Treasury from 1721 to 1742 and is often called the first Prime Minister.Source

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Multiple choice

At which battle in 1746 was Bonnie Prince Charlie's Jacobite army finally defeated?

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Correct answer: A — Culloden

Why? Charles Edward Stuart's Jacobites were crushed at Culloden, near Inverness, on 16 April 1746, the last pitched battle on the British mainland.Source

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Multiple choice

During the Industrial Revolution, James Watt is best known for improving which machine?

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Correct answer: B — The steam engine

Why? Watt's steam engine with a separate condenser was far more efficient than earlier designs and helped power the new factories.Source

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Multiple choice

Which admiral won the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 but was killed during it?

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Correct answer: D — Horatio Nelson

Why? Trafalgar in 1805 was Nelson's finest naval victory but cost him his life; HMS Victory's log for 21 October 1805 records his death.Source

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Multiple choice

Who commanded the British army that defeated Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815?

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Correct answer: C — The Duke of Wellington

Why? Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, won his final victory over Napoleon at Waterloo in 1815 and later became Prime Minister.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did Parliament abolish the slave trade in the British Empire?

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Correct answer: A — 1807

Why? The Slave Trade Act 1807, passed under Prime Minister Lord Grenville, made the trade in enslaved people illegal across the British Empire.Source

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True or false

The Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 applied only in Britain itself, not in its colonies.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The 1833 Act abolished slavery throughout the British Empire, not just in Britain.Source

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True or false

Queen Victoria came to the throne in 1901.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Victoria became queen in 1837 and reigned until her death in 1901, a period when the British Empire reached its height.Source

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Multiple choice

Florence Nightingale became famous for nursing wounded soldiers during which war?

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Correct answer: D — The Crimean War

Why? In 1854 Florence Nightingale went to the army hospital at Scutari to nurse soldiers of the Crimean War, and she later reformed nursing.Source

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Multiple choice

Under the Representation of the People Act 1918, women over what age could vote, if they met a property test?

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Correct answer: A — 30

Why? The Representation of the People Act 1918 allowed women over the age of 30 who met a property qualification to vote.Source

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True or false

The Equal Franchise Act of 1928 gave the vote to all women over 21.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Under the Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928, all women over 21 could vote.Source

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Multiple choice

On what date did the fighting of the First World War end?

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Correct answer: C — 11 November 1918

Why? Britain entered the war in August 1914, and the fighting ended with the Armistice on 11 November 1918, now marked as Armistice Day.Source

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Multiple choice

When Ireland was divided in the early 1920s, how many counties formed Northern Ireland?

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Correct answer: B — Six

Why? The Government of Ireland Act 1920 defined Northern Ireland as the six counties of Antrim, Armagh, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry and Tyrone.Source

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Multiple choice

Who became Prime Minister in 1940 and led Britain through the Second World War?

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Correct answer: D — Winston Churchill

Why? Winston Churchill was Prime Minister from 1940 to 1945, leading Britain to victory, and again from 1951 to 1955.Source

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Multiple choice

Where was the Battle of Britain of 1940 mainly fought?

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Correct answer: C — In the skies over southern England

Why? In 1940 the German air force tried to defeat the RAF before an invasion, fighting over south-east England and London, but failed.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year was the National Health Service founded?

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Correct answer: B — 1948

Why? The NHS began on 5 July 1948 under Clement Attlee's Labour government, as part of the post-war welfare state.Source

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Multiple choice

The Empire Windrush, which docked in 1948, brought people mainly from which region to Britain?

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Correct answer: A — The Caribbean

Why? The Empire Windrush carried a largely Caribbean group of workers and arrived at Tilbury docks in June 1948.Source

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True or false

Margaret Thatcher, the UK's first woman Prime Minister, led a Labour government.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Margaret Thatcher was the first female Prime Minister and led a Conservative government from 1979 to 1990.Source

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True or false

The present Scottish Parliament first met in 1999, after Scottish voters backed it in a referendum.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. After the 1997 referendum, the Scotland Act 1998 set up the Parliament, which first met on 12 May 1999.Source

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Multiple choice

What kind of site is Maiden Castle in Dorset?

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Correct answer: C — An Iron Age hillfort

Why? Maiden Castle near Dorchester is one of Europe's largest and most complex Iron Age hillforts, with huge earth ramparts begun about 2,400 years ago.Source

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True or false

In prehistoric times, Britain was joined to mainland Europe by land.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Britain was once joined to the Continent by a land bridge, until rising seas flooded it and made Britain an island.Source

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Multiple choice

Boudica, who led a rebellion against Roman rule, was queen of which British tribe?

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Correct answer: A — The Iceni

Why? Boudica, queen of the Iceni, led a rebellion against Roman rule in East Anglia in AD 60.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Roman leader made two expeditions to Britain, in 55 and 54 BC, almost a century before the Roman conquest?

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Correct answer: D — Julius Caesar

Why? Julius Caesar led two expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC, but the Romans did not stay; the full conquest came later, under Claudius.Source

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Multiple choice

In 597, who landed in Kent on a mission from Pope Gregory to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity?

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Correct answer: B — St Augustine

Why? St Augustine arrived in Kent in 597, sent by Pope Gregory the Great to bring Christianity to the pagan Anglo-Saxons.Source

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Multiple choice

St Columba arrived in AD 563 and founded a monastery on which Scottish island?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Iona

Why? St Columba came to Iona, a small island beside Mull, in AD 563, and his monastery became a great centre of Christianity in Scotland.Source

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Multiple choice

Which 8th-century king of Mercia built a great earthwork known as a dyke?

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Correct answer: A — Offa

Why? Mercia, in the midlands, was the leading English kingdom under King Offa (r. 757-96), the builder of Offa's Dyke.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Northumbrian monastery was an early target of Viking raids, in 793?

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Correct answer: C — Lindisfarne

Why? Viking raids on Britain began in the 790s, and the monastery at Lindisfarne in Northumbria was attacked in 793.Source

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Multiple choice

After King Alfred's victory, the Vikings controlled much of northern and eastern England. What was this area called?

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Correct answer: B — The Danelaw

Why? Under the treaty Alfred agreed with the Viking leader Guthrum, the Vikings kept control of much of northern and eastern England, known as the Danelaw.Source

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Multiple choice

Sutton Hoo, where an Anglo-Saxon royal ship burial full of treasure was found in 1939, is in which English county?

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Correct answer: B — Suffolk

Why? In 1939 archaeologists at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk uncovered a buried ship holding an Anglo-Saxon royal burial of great richness.Source

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Multiple choice

Where was William the Conqueror crowned on Christmas Day 1066?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Westminster Abbey

Why? After his victory at Hastings, William marched to London and was crowned in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066.Source

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True or false

The Tower of London was first built in the reign of Henry VIII.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Tower of London goes back to William the Conqueror, whose reign is remembered for building many castles.Source

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Multiple choice

Which English king built the great castles at Conwy, Caernarfon and Harlech after conquering Wales?

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Correct answer: A — Edward I

Why? Edward I conquered Wales between 1277 and 1284 and built mighty castles such as Conwy, Caernarfon, Harlech and Beaumaris, now a World Heritage Site.Source

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True or false

In the later Middle Ages, Norman French took over from English as the main language of England.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. As the divisions between Normans and English broke down in the later Middle Ages, English began to replace Norman French as the dominant language.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did Owain Glyndŵr begin his rebellion against English rule in Wales?

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Correct answer: D — 1400

Why? Owain Glyndŵr rose against English rule in 1400, captured castles including Harlech and Aberystwyth, and held parliaments in pursuit of an independent Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

At which battle in 1297 did William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat an English army?

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Correct answer: A — Stirling Bridge

Why? At the Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, William Wallace and Andrew Moray led a Scottish army to victory over the forces of Edward I.Source

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Multiple choice

The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 broke out mainly against which grievance?

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Correct answer: D — A poll tax

Why? In 1381 the Peasants' Revolt broke out against the poll tax, and the 14-year-old Richard II rode out to confront the rebels.Source

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Multiple choice

Who led the rebels who entered London during the Peasants' Revolt and was killed when meeting the young king?

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Correct answer: B — Wat Tyler

Why? A crowd led by Wat Tyler attacked buildings and royal officials in London; Tyler was killed when the rebels met Richard II.Source

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Multiple choice

Which medieval poet wrote The Canterbury Tales?

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Correct answer: C — Geoffrey Chaucer

Why? Geoffrey Chaucer, author of The Canterbury Tales, is often called the father of English poetry and is buried in Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey.Source

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Multiple choice

Who set up the first printing press in England, at Westminster in 1476?

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Correct answer: A — William Caxton

Why? William Caxton, England's first printer, set up his press in the precincts of Westminster Abbey in 1476.Source

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True or false

In the Tudor rose, the red petals stand for the House of York.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Tudor rose joined the white rose of York (the inner petals) with the red rose of Lancaster (the outer petals).Source

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Multiple choice

In whose reign did the Laws in Wales Acts (often called the Acts of Union) annex Wales to England?

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Correct answer: B — Henry VIII

Why? Under Henry VIII, the Laws in Wales Acts of 1535 and 1542 annexed Wales to England and extended English law to Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of Henry VIII's wives was the mother of Elizabeth I?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Anne Boleyn

Why? Elizabeth I was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, and was born at Greenwich in 1533.Source

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Multiple choice

What kind of Church did Elizabeth I establish in England?

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Correct answer: D — A moderately Protestant Church

Why? Elizabeth I established a moderately Protestant Church of England, which satisfied most of her subjects.Source

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True or false

Elizabeth I never married.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Elizabeth I had many admirers but never married, and the American colony of Virginia was named after her as the 'Virgin Queen'.Source

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Multiple choice

In which ship did Francis Drake return to England in 1580 after sailing around the world?

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Correct answer: D — The Golden Hind

Why? Francis Drake came home in 1580 after a three-year voyage around the world in the Golden Hind, and was later knighted by Elizabeth I.Source

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Multiple choice

In which part of London was Shakespeare's Globe theatre built in 1599?

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Correct answer: A — Southwark

Why? The Globe theatre was built on Maid Lane in Southwark, on a site Shakespeare and his colleagues leased in 1599.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year was the Authorized Version of the Bible, often called the King James Bible, published?

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Correct answer: B — 1611

Why? The Authorized Version of the Bible appeared in 1611, during the reign of James I, and is still known as the King James Bible.Source

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True or false

Charles I quarrelled with Parliament and for a time tried to govern without it.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Charles I clashed with Parliament over money, politics and religion, dissolved it several times and decided to govern without it, which helped lead to civil war.Source

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Multiple choice

In the English Civil War, what nickname was given to the soldiers who fought for Parliament against the king?

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Correct answer: C — Roundheads

Why? Parliament's forces were known as Roundheads, and they fought the Royalist forces many times from 1642.Source

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True or false

Isaac Newton is best known for discovering how blood circulates around the body.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Isaac Newton, born in Lincolnshire in 1642, is best known for his law of universal gravitation, and also made major discoveries about light.Source

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Multiple choice

Which monarch was on the throne when England and Scotland were united as the Kingdom of Great Britain?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Queen Anne

Why? Queen Anne reigned from 1702 to 1714, and her reign is remembered above all for the union of England with Scotland.Source

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Multiple choice

Queen Anne had no surviving children, so in 1714 the crown passed to George I, who was the ruler of which German state?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Hanover

Why? Under the Act of Settlement, George, Elector of Hanover, succeeded Queen Anne in 1714 as the first of the Hanoverian kings.Source

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Multiple choice

Which explorer claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain in 1770?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Captain James Cook

Why? Captain James Cook claimed the east coast of Australia for Britain in 1770, as Britain's overseas empire grew during the 18th century.Source

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Multiple choice

During the Highland Clearances, many tenants in the Scottish Highlands lost their homes as landowners turned the land over to what?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Sheep farming

Why? From the mid-18th century, Highland landowners merged farms and brought in sheep in place of cattle, pushing many people off the land and leading many to emigrate.Source

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Multiple choice

Which song, sung around the world at New Year, was written down by the Scottish poet Robert Burns?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Auld Lang Syne

Why? Robert Burns (1759 to 1796), Scotland's national poet, collected and wrote about 200 songs, of which 'Auld Lang Syne' is among the best known.Source

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Multiple choice

Which thinker of the Scottish Enlightenment wrote 'The Wealth of Nations'?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Adam Smith

Why? Adam Smith's most famous work, 'The Wealth of Nations' (1776), argued that a nation's wealth lies in its production and trade rather than its stores of gold and silver.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did the Act of Union join Great Britain and Ireland as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?

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Correct answer: C — 1801

Why? The Union with Ireland Act 1800 provided that Great Britain and Ireland would be united as one kingdom from 1 January 1801.Source

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Multiple choice

What did the Reform Act of 1832 change?

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Correct answer: A — The electoral system

Why? Passed under the Whig Prime Minister Earl Grey, the Reform Act of 1832 reformed the electoral system and began a long process of electoral change.Source

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Multiple choice

What was the most important demand of the Chartists, who campaigned in the 1830s and 1840s?

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Correct answer: A — Votes for all men over 21

Why? Chartism was a working-class movement built on the People's Charter, whose most important demand was the vote for all men over the age of 21.Source

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Multiple choice

The engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel is best known for building which railway?

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Correct answer: D — The Great Western Railway

Why? Brunel (1806 to 1859) was the engineer of the Great Western Railway and also designed the Clifton Suspension Bridge and large steamships.Source

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Multiple choice

The Great Exhibition of 1851 in Hyde Park was housed in a huge glass and iron building known by what name?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — The Crystal Palace

Why? Opened by Queen Victoria and backed by Prince Albert, the Great Exhibition showed off British industry in Joseph Paxton's glass building, the Crystal Palace.Source

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Multiple choice

Which famous book about evolution by natural selection did Charles Darwin publish in 1859?

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Correct answer: B — On the Origin of Species

Why? Darwin sailed on HMS Beagle in 1831, and his famous work on the origin of species by natural selection was published in 1859.Source

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Multiple choice

Emmeline Pankhurst led the Women's Social and Political Union, whose members used militant protest to win the vote. What were they called?

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Correct answer: C — Suffragettes

Why? The WSPU, founded in Manchester in 1903 by Emmeline Pankhurst and her daughters, was known for militant action, and its members were called suffragettes.Source

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Multiple choice

As Chancellor of the Exchequer before the First World War, David Lloyd George introduced what for the first time?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — State pensions

Why? Lloyd George was one of the great reforming Chancellors, introducing state pensions for the first time and declaring a war on poverty.Source

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True or false

David Lloyd George, Prime Minister from 1916 to 1922, was the first Welshman to hold the office.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Lloyd George, who grew up in Caernarvonshire, led a coalition government from 1916 to 1922 and was the first Welshman to be Prime Minister.Source

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Multiple choice

The General Strike of 1926 began in support of workers in which industry?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Coal mining

Why? The 1926 General Strike grew out of a dispute in the coal industry, where mine owners demanded pay cuts and longer hours from the miners.Source

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Multiple choice

In 1940, Operation Dynamo used hundreds of naval and civilian boats to rescue Allied soldiers from the beaches of which French town?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Dunkirk

Why? During the Dunkirk evacuation, about 900 naval and civilian ships, including fishing boats and pleasure craft, rescued more than 300,000 Allied soldiers.Source

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Multiple choice

On D-Day, 6 June 1944, Allied forces landed on the beaches of which region of France?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Normandy

Why? On 6 June 1944 British, American and other Allied troops landed in Normandy, opening a new front against Nazi Germany.Source

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Multiple choice

What did the Beveridge Report of 1942 plan for Britain after the war?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — A full system of welfare benefits

Why? The Beveridge Report, released in November 1942, proposed setting up a comprehensive benefits system to end 'Want'.Source

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Multiple choice

Who became Prime Minister when Labour won the general election of July 1945?

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Correct answer: D — Clement Attlee

Why? Clement Attlee, Labour leader from 1935 and deputy Prime Minister in the wartime coalition, became Prime Minister in July 1945 and served until 1951.Source

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True or false

India and Pakistan became independent countries in 1947.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Indian Independence Act 1947 set up India and Pakistan as two independent dominions from 15 August 1947.Source

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Multiple choice

Which event led Parliament to pass the Clean Air Act of 1956?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — The Great Smog of London

Why? A deadly smoke-laden fog covered London in December 1952, and laws including the Clean Air Act of 1956 followed to cut black smoke.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year did the UK officially switch to decimal currency?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — 1971

Why? On 'Decimal Day', 15 February 1971, Britain moved to decimal currency, ending the old pound of 240 pennies.Source

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True or false

The Channel Tunnel, opened in 1994, links Great Britain with Belgium.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Channel Tunnel runs under the English Channel between the UK and France; it was completed in May 1994.Source

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A modern, thriving society

Multiple choice

What do Christians remember at Christmas?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — The birth of Jesus Christ

Why? Christmas is the Christian festival that remembers the birth of Jesus Christ.Source

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Multiple choice

Easter Sunday is the most important day of the Christian year. What does it mark?

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Correct answer: A — The resurrection of Jesus

Why? At Easter Christians remember the death of Jesus on Good Friday and celebrate his resurrection on Easter Sunday.Source

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Multiple choice

Diwali, often called the festival of lights, is celebrated mainly by which communities?

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Correct answer: C — Hindus, Sikhs and Jains

Why? Diwali is celebrated by Hindus, Sikhs and Jains and marks the victory of light over darkness and good over evil.Source

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Multiple choice

The Jewish festival of Hanukkah lasts for how many days?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Eight

Why? Hanukkah is a Jewish festival of light lasting eight days, during which a candle is lit on each night.Source

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True or false

For Muslims, the festival of Eid al-Fitr marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Eid al-Fitr marks the end of the holy month of Ramadan.Source

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Multiple choice

Vaisakhi, a spring harvest festival, is an especially important celebration in which faith?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Sikhism

Why? Vaisakhi is a Sikh festival that celebrates the harvest and remembers the founding of the Khalsa in 1699.Source

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Multiple choice

In Northern Ireland, 12 July is a bank holiday. Which anniversary does it mark?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — The Battle of the Boyne

Why? The 12 July bank holiday in Northern Ireland, also called Orangemen's Day, marks the anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne.Source

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True or false

St Patrick's Day, 17 March, is a bank holiday in Northern Ireland.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. St Patrick's Day on 17 March is a bank holiday in Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the name of the bank holiday that falls on 26 December?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Boxing Day

Why? 26 December is Boxing Day, a bank holiday across the UK.Source

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True or false

Good Friday is a bank holiday in England and Wales but not in Scotland.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Good Friday is a bank holiday in Scotland too, as it is in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

The First World War armistice of 1918 took effect at which moment?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — 11am on 11 November

Why? Fighting stopped at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month in 1918, which is why Remembrance falls in November.Source

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Multiple choice

Where in London is the National Service of Remembrance held each November?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — The Cenotaph in Whitehall

Why? The national service is held at the Cenotaph on Whitehall, with a two-minute silence at 11am.Source

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Multiple choice

Which charity runs the annual Poppy Appeal?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — The Royal British Legion

Why? The Royal British Legion runs the annual Poppy Appeal, and poppies are sold across the UK in aid of the charity.Source

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Multiple choice

What event do people remember with bonfires and fireworks on 5 November?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — The Gunpowder Plot

Why? Bonfire Night recalls the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes was caught before he could blow up the Houses of Parliament.Source

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Multiple choice

Which tennis championship, first played in 1877, is the oldest tennis tournament in the world?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Wimbledon

Why? Wimbledon is the oldest tennis tournament in the world, and the first Wimbledon championship took place in 1877.Source

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Multiple choice

Which town in Fife is widely known as the home of golf?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — St Andrews

Why? Golf has been played on the links at St Andrews for centuries, and the town is widely called the home of golf.Source

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Multiple choice

At which racecourse near Liverpool is the Grand National run?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Aintree

Why? The first Grand National proper was held at Aintree on 26 February 1839.Source

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Multiple choice

At which circuit is the Formula 1 British Grand Prix held?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Silverstone

Why? The Formula 1 British Grand Prix takes place at Silverstone.Source

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Multiple choice

Where did the Paralympic movement begin, with games for injured servicemen and women in 1948?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Stoke Mandeville

Why? Dr Ludwig Guttmann organised the first games for wheelchair athletes at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in 1948, the start of the Paralympic movement.Source

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Multiple choice

Before the 2012 Games, in which years had London already hosted the Olympic Games?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — 1908 and 1948

Why? London hosted the Olympic Games in 1908 and 1948 before hosting the Olympics and Paralympics again in 2012.Source

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Multiple choice

Legend says rugby football began when a boy at Rugby School picked up the ball and ran with it. In which century was that?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — The 19th century

Why? Legend has it that in 1823 William Webb Ellis took the ball in his arms and ran with it at Rugby School, originating the game of rugby football.Source

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True or false

The Ashes is a cricket contest between England and South Africa.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Ashes is the cricket series between England and Australia, and these contests date back to 1882.Source

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Multiple choice

In which London concert hall are the BBC Proms mainly held each summer?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — The Royal Albert Hall

Why? The BBC Proms are a classical music festival broadcast live from the Royal Albert Hall in London.Source

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Multiple choice

Which city hosts the Fringe, described as the world's largest performing arts festival?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Edinburgh

Why? The Edinburgh Festival Fringe began in 1947 and has grown to become the world's largest performing arts festival.Source

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Multiple choice

What does the National Eisteddfod celebrate?

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Correct answer: A — Welsh language and culture

Why? The National Eisteddfod of Wales is a festival of Welsh language and culture, with music, poetry and literature competitions.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Scottish poet's birthday is celebrated each year on 25 January with suppers and readings?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Robert Burns

Why? Burns Night on 25 January marks the birthday of Robert Burns, Scotland's national poet.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Welsh writer completed the 'play for voices' Under Milk Wood?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Dylan Thomas

Why? Dylan Thomas, often called Wales' greatest poet, finished Under Milk Wood at his boathouse in Laugharne.Source

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Multiple choice

Which poet wrote 'I wandered lonely as a cloud', the poem about daffodils?

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Correct answer: B — William Wordsworth

Why? William Wordsworth, who lived in the Lake District, wrote the famous poem about daffodils.Source

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Multiple choice

The National Gallery, home to a world-famous collection of paintings, stands on which London square?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Trafalgar Square

Why? The National Gallery faces Trafalgar Square, and general admission is free.Source

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Multiple choice

At the Palace of Westminster, what does the name 'Big Ben' strictly refer to?

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Correct answer: C — The great bell

Why? Big Ben is the name of the great bell that hangs in the clock tower, now called the Elizabeth Tower.Source

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Multiple choice

Which castle, once a home of Scottish kings and queens, stands on a volcanic rock in Scotland's capital?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Edinburgh Castle

Why? Edinburgh Castle sits on Castle Rock, an old volcanic outcrop, and was one of Scotland's chief royal residences.Source

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True or false

The Giant's Causeway, a World Heritage Site, is on the coast of Wales.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast World Heritage Site is in Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

Yr Wyddfa (Snowdon) is the highest mountain in which national park?

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Correct answer: A — Eryri

Why? Yr Wyddfa, also called Snowdon, is the highest mountain in Eryri (Snowdonia) National Park.Source

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True or false

The Lake District is the largest national park in England.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Lake District is England's largest National Park and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these needs a TV licence?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Watching live TV on any channel

Why? You need a TV licence to watch or record live television on any channel or service, but not to watch DVDs or on-demand videos on websites like YouTube.Source

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True or false

You need a TV licence to watch BBC programmes on BBC iPlayer.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. A TV licence is required to use BBC iPlayer, whether programmes are watched live or on demand.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the minimum age at which you can buy alcohol in the UK?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — 18

Why? It is against the law to sell alcohol to anyone under 18, or for someone under 18 to buy it.Source

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True or false

A 16- or 17-year-old who is with an adult may buy wine to drink with a meal.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. With an adult, a 16- or 17-year-old may drink beer, wine or cider with a meal, but may not buy it.Source

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Multiple choice

In most cases, what is the minimum legal age for gambling in a betting shop or casino in Great Britain?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — 18

Why? In most cases you must be 18 to gamble in Great Britain, including in betting shops, casinos and online.Source

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Multiple choice

Which dish is often described as Scotland's national dish?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Haggis

Why? Haggis is often called Scotland's national dish and is at the centre of the table at a Burns supper.Source

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True or false

Hogmanay is the Scottish name for Christmas Day.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Hogmanay is the Scottish name for New Year's Eve, not Christmas Day.Source

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Multiple choice

Halloween, on 31 October, takes its name from the evening before which Christian feast day?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — All Saints' Day

Why? All Saints' Day, also called All Hallows Day, is on 1 November, so 31 October became All Hallows' Eve, or Hallowe'en.Source

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Multiple choice

Pancake Day is another name for which day?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Shrove Tuesday

Why? Shrove Tuesday is the last day before Lent, and people traditionally make pancakes to use up rich foods such as eggs and sugar.Source

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True or false

In the UK, Mother's Day (Mothering Sunday) falls on the same date every year.

Show answer

Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Mothering Sunday always falls on the fourth Sunday in Lent, so its date changes every year.Source

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Multiple choice

On which date is Valentine's Day, when people send cards to someone they love?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — 14 February

Why? Valentine's Day, the feast of St Valentine, is on 14 February.Source

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Multiple choice

Who is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — The monarch

Why? The King or Queen is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England and formally appoints its senior clergy.Source

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Multiple choice

Which archbishop is the senior bishop who leads the Church of England?

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Correct answer: A — The Archbishop of Canterbury

Why? The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop of the Church of England and is appointed by the monarch.Source

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Multiple choice

The Church of Scotland, the national church in Scotland, has which form of church government?

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Correct answer: D — Presbyterian

Why? The Church of Scotland is Presbyterian; it was established as such by an Act of Parliament in 1690.Source

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Multiple choice

Who chairs the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — The Moderator

Why? The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland is chaired by the Moderator.Source

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Multiple choice

Which cricket ground in London is often called the home of cricket?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Lord's

Why? Lord's, in St John's Wood, London, is known as the home of cricket.Source

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Multiple choice

Which stadium in south-west London is known as the home of English rugby?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Twickenham

Why? Twickenham Stadium is the home of the England rugby union team.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these countries does NOT play in rugby union's Six Nations Championship?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Spain

Why? The Six Nations is an annual rugby competition between England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

Which golf championship, first played in 1860, is the oldest in the sport?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — The Open

Why? The Open has been played since 1860 on links courses in Britain and Ireland, and it is held in Scotland more often than anywhere else.Source

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True or false

The Wimbledon tennis championships are played on grass courts.

Show answer

Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Wimbledon Championships, held each summer, are played on grass courts.Source

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Multiple choice

The Boat Race, rowed each spring on the River Thames, is between crews from which two universities?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Oxford and Cambridge

Why? The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Races are rowed over about four miles of the Thames from Putney to Mortlake.Source

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Multiple choice

Tossing the caber is a traditional event at which kind of Scottish gathering?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Highland Games

Why? Highland Games feature 'heavy' events such as tossing the caber and the hammer throw, as well as Highland dancing and piping.Source

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Multiple choice

In 1863 the rules of association football were first standardised at a meeting in which city?

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Correct answer: C — London

Why? Clubs and schools met at the Freemasons' Tavern in Covent Garden, London, in 1863 and agreed a common set of football rules.Source

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Multiple choice

Who wrote the novels Pride and Prejudice and Emma?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Jane Austen

Why? Jane Austen, born in Hampshire in 1775, wrote six major novels, including Pride and Prejudice and Emma.Source

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Multiple choice

Which Victorian novelist wrote Oliver Twist?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Charles Dickens

Why? Charles Dickens (1812 to 1870) wrote Oliver Twist soon after his first success, The Pickwick Papers.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of the Brontë sisters wrote the novel Wuthering Heights?

Show answer

Correct answer: D — Emily Brontë

Why? Emily Brontë wrote just one novel, Wuthering Heights; her sister Charlotte wrote Jane Eyre.Source

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Multiple choice

Which writer, born in Dorset, wrote Tess of the d'Urbervilles?

Show answer

Correct answer: A — Thomas Hardy

Why? Thomas Hardy (1840 to 1928) set many of his novels, including Tess of the d'Urbervilles, in south-west England, which he called Wessex.Source

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Multiple choice

Which English composer wrote the Pomp and Circumstance marches?

Show answer

Correct answer: C — Sir Edward Elgar

Why? Sir Edward Elgar's best-known works include the Enigma Variations and the Pomp and Circumstance marches.Source

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Multiple choice

Which architect designed the new St Paul's Cathedral after the Great Fire of London?

Show answer

Correct answer: B — Sir Christopher Wren

Why? After the fire of 1666, Sir Christopher Wren designed many new buildings in London, including St Paul's Cathedral.Source

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True or false

Almost every monarch since William the Conqueror has been crowned in Westminster Abbey.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Every crowned monarch since William the Conqueror in 1066 has been crowned in Westminster Abbey; only Edward V and Edward VIII were never crowned.Source

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Multiple choice

Where in London are the Crown Jewels kept?

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Correct answer: D — The Tower of London

Why? The Tower of London, a World Heritage Site begun by William the Conqueror, is home to the Crown Jewels and its Yeoman Warders, known as Beefeaters.Source

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Multiple choice

Who designed the Angel of the North, the huge steel sculpture in Gateshead?

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Correct answer: C — Antony Gormley

Why? Antony Gormley designed the Angel of the North, a steel sculpture 20 metres tall that was completed in 1998.Source

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True or false

The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, in London, are a World Heritage Site.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, with their glasshouses and rare plants, are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Source

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Multiple choice

The Turner Prize, first awarded in 1984, is given to a British artist working in which field?

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Correct answer: A — Visual art

Why? The Turner Prize, first awarded in 1984, was set up to give Britain its own award for the visual arts, and it goes to a British artist.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the highest mountain in Britain?

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Correct answer: B — Ben Nevis

Why? Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain.Source

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Multiple choice

Which national park, established in 2002, was the first in Scotland?

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Correct answer: A — Loch Lomond and the Trossachs

Why? Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park was set up in 2002, a year before the Cairngorms National Park in 2003.Source

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Multiple choice

What does the Countryside Code tell visitors to do with farm gates?

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Correct answer: D — Leave them as you find them

Why? Farmers close gates to keep animals in, or leave them open so animals can reach food and water, so visitors should leave gates as they find them.Source

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True or false

Under the Countryside Code, dogs may roam out of sight in the countryside if they wear a collar.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. The Countryside Code says you should always keep dogs under control and in sight, and bag and bin their mess.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the minimum age to buy adult fireworks in the UK?

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Correct answer: C — 18

Why? You cannot buy adult fireworks if you are under 18; items such as party poppers are not adult fireworks.Source

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Multiple choice

In England and Wales, except on a few special nights, between which hours is it against the law to set off fireworks?

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Correct answer: C — 11pm and 7am

Why? Fireworks must not be set off between 11pm and 7am, but the cut-off is midnight on Bonfire Night and 1am on New Year's Eve, Diwali and Chinese New Year.Source

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True or false

In England you do not need a rod fishing licence to fish for freshwater fish if you are on private land.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. You need a rod fishing licence to fish for salmon, trout, freshwater fish, smelt or eel with a rod and line in England, even on private land.Source

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True or false

A dog that has been microchipped no longer needs to wear a collar and tag in a public place.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Even if your dog is microchipped, it must still wear a collar and tag with your name and address when it is in a public place.Source

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Multiple choice

In which year was the BBC founded?

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Correct answer: D — 1922

Why? The BBC was founded in 1922 as the UK's only broadcaster, and it now operates under a Royal Charter.Source

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Multiple choice

Who proposed prepaid postage stamps and is remembered as the originator of the penny post?

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Correct answer: A — Sir Rowland Hill

Why? Rowland Hill suggested stamps to pay for postage in advance; under his penny post, a letter could be sent anywhere in the country.Source

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Multiple choice

What is Cadw?

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Correct answer: B — The Welsh Government's historic environment service

Why? Cadw, a Welsh word meaning 'to keep' or 'to protect', looks after historic places in Wales for the Welsh Government.Source

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Multiple choice

Bara brith, a fruit loaf whose name means 'speckled bread', is a traditional food from which part of the UK?

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Correct answer: B — Wales

Why? Bara brith, whose name means 'speckled bread', is a traditional Welsh fruit loaf.Source

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The UK government, the law and your role

Multiple choice

In the UK's constitutional monarchy the King is head of state. Which international organisation is he also head of?

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Correct answer: A — The Commonwealth

Why? The UK is a constitutional monarchy: the King is head of state and also Head of the Commonwealth, a voluntary association of countries.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the name of the group of senior government members, including Secretaries of State, who meet every week while Parliament is sitting?

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Correct answer: D — The Cabinet

Why? The Cabinet is made up of the senior members of government, who meet every week during Parliament to discuss the most important issues for the government.Source

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True or false

Members of the House of Lords are chosen by voters at general elections.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Peers in the House of Lords are appointed rather than elected, so they keep their seats when a general election is held.Source

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Multiple choice

Which voting system is used to elect MPs to the House of Commons?

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Correct answer: C — First past the post

Why? Each constituency elects one MP, and the candidate with the most votes wins: this is the first-past-the-post system.Source

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True or false

If it has not been dissolved earlier, a UK Parliament ends automatically five years after it first met.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The law dissolves a Parliament on the fifth anniversary of its first meeting, so a general election must take place at least every five years.Source

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Multiple choice

Who chairs debates in the House of Commons chamber?

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Correct answer: A — The Speaker

Why? The Speaker of the House of Commons chairs debates in the Commons Chamber.Source

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Multiple choice

How must civil servants serve the government of the day, whichever party is in power?

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Correct answer: C — With political impartiality

Why? The Civil Service Code requires civil servants to serve any government, whatever its politics, in a politically impartial way.Source

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Multiple choice

In England, what is a council called when it is a single tier of local government providing all the local functions in its area?

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Correct answer: D — A unitary authority

Why? Councils make and carry out decisions on local services, and where one tier provides all the functions it is known as a unitary authority.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these policy areas is run by the devolved governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland?

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Correct answer: B — Education

Why? The Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for areas such as health and education, while defence is run UK-wide.Source

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Multiple choice

In which city does the devolved parliament for Wales meet?

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Correct answer: C — Cardiff

Why? The Senedd, home of the Welsh Parliament, is located in Cardiff Bay and is where decisions are made for Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

The 1998 agreement that created power-sharing in Northern Ireland, with an Assembly and an Executive, is also known as what?

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Correct answer: D — The Good Friday Agreement

Why? The Belfast Agreement, better known as the Good Friday Agreement, was signed in April 1998 and created power-sharing institutions for Northern Ireland.Source

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Multiple choice

In England and Wales, which court hears the most serious criminal cases?

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Correct answer: B — The Crown Court

Why? Almost all criminal cases begin in a magistrates' court, but the most serious offences can only be tried in the Crown Court.Source

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Multiple choice

How many people sit on the jury in a criminal trial in England and Wales?

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Correct answer: A — 12

Why? A jury in England and Wales has 12 members, who decide the outcome of a criminal trial.Source

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Multiple choice

How many jurors decide a criminal trial in Scotland?

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Correct answer: A — 15

Why? Scottish criminal juries have 15 members, while civil juries in Scotland have 12.Source

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True or false

Magistrates in England and Wales must be qualified lawyers.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Magistrates are unpaid volunteers who need no legal qualifications; a legal adviser helps them on points of law.Source

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Multiple choice

In England and Wales, which court do you apply to if you want to claim money a person or business owes you?

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Correct answer: C — A county court

Why? You can apply to a county court, online or by post, to claim money you are owed; this often used to be known as taking someone to a small claims court.Source

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Multiple choice

Which court is the final court of appeal in the UK for civil cases?

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Correct answer: B — The Supreme Court

Why? The Supreme Court is the UK's final court of appeal for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland.Source

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True or false

You should call 101 to report a crime that is happening right now.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. Call 999 if a crime is in progress or someone is in immediate danger; 101 is the police number for non-emergencies.Source

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Multiple choice

The Human Rights Act 1998 gives further effect in UK law to the rights set out in which document?

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Correct answer: D — The European Convention on Human Rights

Why? The Human Rights Act 1998 brought the rights in the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law.Source

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True or false

The Equality Act 2010 brought earlier anti-discrimination laws together into a single Act.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The Equality Act 2010 protects people from discrimination at work and in wider society, replacing previous laws with one Act.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these would normally be dealt with under civil law rather than criminal law?

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Correct answer: A — A dispute about damaged goods

Why? Civil law deals with disputes between people, businesses or organisations, such as claims for damaged goods or unpaid debts, rather than crimes.Source

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Multiple choice

In UK income tax, what is the 'personal allowance'?

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Correct answer: C — Income you can have before paying tax

Why? Most people get a personal allowance, the amount of income they can receive before any income tax is due.Source

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Multiple choice

From what age do employees earning above the threshold normally pay National Insurance?

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Correct answer: B — 16

Why? You pay National Insurance if you are 16 or over and earn above the threshold as an employee, or make enough profit when self-employed.Source

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Multiple choice

At what age can most people start learning to drive a car in the UK, with a provisional licence?

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Correct answer: D — 17

Why? Most people can start learning to drive at 17, once they have a provisional driving licence.Source

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Multiple choice

In Great Britain, by when must a car have its first MOT test?

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Correct answer: D — 3 years after registration

Why? An MOT checks that a vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards; the first is due by the third anniversary of registration, and an MOT lasts for a year.Source

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True or false

You may legally drive a car on UK roads without insurance as long as you hold a full driving licence.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. You must have motor insurance to drive on UK roads, and third party cover is the legal minimum.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these is a requirement for jury service in England and Wales?

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Correct answer: A — Being registered to vote

Why? Jurors are picked at random from the electoral register, and to be eligible you must be registered to vote.Source

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Multiple choice

Once you are registered to vote, which of these is one of the ways you can vote in UK elections?

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Correct answer: B — By post, if you apply

Why? Once registered, you can vote in person at a polling station, apply to vote by post, or apply for someone else to vote for you by proxy.Source

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Multiple choice

The UK is one of the permanent members of which body?

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Correct answer: C — The UN Security Council

Why? The UK is one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council.Source

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Multiple choice

Which military alliance, created in 1949, counts the UK among its founding members?

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Correct answer: C — NATO

Why? NATO was created in April 1949 by 12 countries from Europe and North America, and the UK was one of them.Source

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Multiple choice

At the start of a parliamentary session, what does the government set out in the King's Speech?

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Correct answer: D — The bills it plans to bring forward

Why? The King's Speech lets the government announce its legislative programme: the bills it intends to bring to Parliament in the coming session.Source

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Multiple choice

Which ceremony marks the beginning of each new session of Parliament?

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Correct answer: B — The State Opening of Parliament

Why? Each session of Parliament begins with the State Opening, which includes the King's Speech, and ends with prorogation.Source

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Multiple choice

The Leader of the Opposition is the leader of which party?

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Correct answer: A — The largest party not in government

Why? By law, the Leader of the Opposition leads the party in opposition to the government that has the most members in the House of Commons.Source

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Multiple choice

Which building in London is the Prime Minister's official residence and office?

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Correct answer: A — 10 Downing Street

Why? 10 Downing Street is the official residence of the British Prime Minister and also their office.Source

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Multiple choice

On which day of the week does Prime Minister's Questions take place when the House of Commons is sitting?

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Correct answer: D — Wednesday

Why? The Prime Minister answers questions from MPs in the Commons every sitting Wednesday, with the Leader of the Opposition among those called to ask questions.Source

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Multiple choice

A bill has been approved by both Houses of Parliament. What must happen next before it becomes law?

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Correct answer: B — It must receive Royal Assent

Why? Once a bill has passed both Houses it becomes law when it receives Royal Assent, and it is then known as an Act.Source

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Multiple choice

At which stage of a bill's passage through Parliament is there a debate on its main principles?

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Correct answer: C — Second reading

Why? Second reading is a debate on the main principles of a bill, held in the chamber and opened by a government minister.Source

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True or false

At the first reading of a bill, its title is read out but there is no debate.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. First reading is a purely formal stage: the title of the bill is read out and it is not debated.Source

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Multiple choice

Which senior minister is responsible for the economy, taxation and presenting the annual Budget?

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Correct answer: C — The Chancellor of the Exchequer

Why? The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the government's chief financial minister, in charge of the Treasury, taxation, public spending and the annual Budget.Source

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Multiple choice

Which minister heads the government department responsible for crime, policing and immigration?

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Correct answer: B — The Home Secretary

Why? The Home Office is the lead department for crime, police and immigration, and the Home Secretary has overall responsibility for its work.Source

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Multiple choice

Which senior minister has overall responsibility for the UK's relations with other countries?

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Correct answer: D — The Foreign Secretary

Why? The Foreign Secretary has overarching responsibility for the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, which leads the UK's diplomatic work around the world.Source

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True or false

The United Kingdom was one of the founding members of the Council of Europe.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. The UK helped found the Council of Europe, set up after the Second World War to promote human rights, democracy and the rule of law.Source

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Multiple choice

The European Court of Human Rights is one of the institutions of which organisation?

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Correct answer: A — The Council of Europe

Why? The European Court of Human Rights is an institution of the Council of Europe, a separate body from the European Union.Source

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Multiple choice

Which of these best describes how countries belong to the Commonwealth?

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Correct answer: D — As a voluntary association

Why? The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of countries.Source

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Multiple choice

Your council tax bill depends on your home's valuation band. Who decides how much is charged for each band?

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Correct answer: A — Your local council

Why? Council tax depends on your home's valuation band and on how much your local council charges for that band, minus any discount you qualify for.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the 'electoral register', sometimes called the electoral roll?

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Correct answer: C — A list of everyone registered to vote

Why? The electoral register, also called the electoral roll, lists the names and addresses of everyone who is registered to vote.Source

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True or false

Postal ballot papers are sent to every voter automatically, without an application.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. You have to apply for a postal vote; you are then sent a ballot pack to fill in and return.Source

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Multiple choice

Why is it important that judges are independent of the government?

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Correct answer: B — So cases are decided fairly by law

Why? Judges must be impartial and independent of government and other pressures, so people can trust that cases are decided fairly and according to the law.Source

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Multiple choice

In England and Wales, a youth court deals with people of which ages?

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Correct answer: A — 10 to 17

Why? A youth court is a special type of magistrates' court for people aged between 10 and 17.Source

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True or false

Cases in a youth court in England and Wales are decided by a jury.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. A youth court has either three magistrates or a district judge, and there is no jury.Source

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Multiple choice

Which organisation prosecutes criminal cases investigated by the police in England and Wales?

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Correct answer: D — The Crown Prosecution Service

Why? The Crown Prosecution Service is responsible for prosecuting criminal cases investigated by the police and other investigators in England and Wales.Source

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Multiple choice

In Scotland, who assesses the evidence and decides whether a case should go to court?

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Correct answer: C — The procurator fiscal

Why? In Scotland a procurator fiscal, a prosecution lawyer, assesses the evidence and decides what action to take in the public interest, including whether to go to court.Source

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Multiple choice

In Scotland, what is a children's hearing?

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Correct answer: B — A private legal meeting about a child

Why? A children's hearing is a legal meeting, held in private, that children and young people in Scotland may attend with their families to help sort out their problems.Source

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Multiple choice

Which number should you call to contact the police about something that is not an emergency?

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Correct answer: C — 101

Why? Call 999 to report an emergency, such as a crime in progress, and 101 for police matters that are not emergencies.Source

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Multiple choice

What can legal aid help with?

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Correct answer: D — The costs of legal advice

Why? Legal aid can help with the costs of legal advice and can pay for someone to speak for you at a court or tribunal, if you are eligible.Source

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True or false

Forcing someone to marry is against the law in England and Wales.

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Correct answer: A — True

Why? True. Forced marriage is illegal in England and Wales; you have the right to choose who you marry, when you marry, or whether to marry at all.Source

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Multiple choice

What is the legal position of female genital mutilation (FGM) in the UK?

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Correct answer: A — It is illegal

Why? FGM is illegal in the UK; it is a form of violence against women and girls, and when done to a child it is child abuse.Source

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True or false

Your National Insurance number changes whenever you move house or change your name.

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Correct answer: B — False

Why? False. A National Insurance number stays the same for life, even if your personal details change.Source

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Multiple choice

How much does it cost to register with a GP surgery in England?

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Correct answer: B — Nothing: it is free

Why? Everyone in England can register with a GP surgery, or change surgery, free of charge; most surgeries let you register online.Source

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Multiple choice

Volunteers are not paid for their time. What may they receive money for?

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Correct answer: D — Their expenses

Why? Volunteers are not paid for their time, but may be given money to cover expenses such as food, drink, travel or equipment.Source

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Official sources (2) · last checked 17 October 2026